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Physiology > Chapter 5 - Membrane Transport > Flashcards

Chapter 5 - Membrane Transport Flashcards

0
Q

most prolific solute regulation in the body

A

sodium potassium pump

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1
Q

fluid compartments of the body act as a blank between blank and blank

A

double buffer, cells, external environment

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2
Q

why isn’t homeostasis equilibrium

A

it has osmotic equilibrium, chemical disequilibrium (because of sodium and potassium levels), and electrical disequilibrium (due to resting membrane potential)

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3
Q

endocytosis, phagocytosis, and exocytosis all use a blank

A

membrane bound vesicle

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4
Q

secondary active transport, facilitated diffusion, and primary active transport requires a blank

A

membrane protein

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5
Q

in simple diffusion, a molecule goes straight through what

A

lipid bilayer

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6
Q

diffusion is blank over short distances, and blank over long distances

A

rapid, slow

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7
Q

diffusion is directly related to blank which speeds it up as it increases

A

temperature

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8
Q

diffusion is blank related to molecular size

A

inversely

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9
Q
  1. Thickness of tissue
  2. Size of concentration gradient
  3. Surface area of partition
  4. Temperature
  5. Permeability of membrane
    all part of blank
A

Fick’s law of diffusion

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10
Q

membrane proteins function as blank which has two kinds and they are…

A

membrane transporters, carrier protein, channel protein

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11
Q

carrier proteins do what

A

change conformation shape

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12
Q

channel proteins regulate what

A

gates of the channel itself

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13
Q

two types of channel proteins

A

leak, gated

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14
Q

three types of gated channels

A

mechanically gated, voltage gated, chemically gated

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15
Q

membrane proteins can also function as blank proteins and are found in these two places

A

structural, cell junctions, cytoskeleton

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16
Q

membrane proteins can function which are active in these two things

A

membrane enzymes, metabolism, signal transduction

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17
Q

membrane blank tell the different membrane proteins when to function and under what conditions

A

membrane receptors

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18
Q

a membrane receptor must have a blank on the blank of the cell to bind to blank which is usually blank

A

active site, outside, substrate, ligand

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19
Q

ligand receptor complex triggers blank response which is called blank

A

intracellular response, signal transduction

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20
Q

membrane transport protein that carries one thing in one direction

A

uniport

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21
Q

membrane transport protein that carries two objects in one direction

A

symport

22
Q

membrane transport protein that carries two things in opposite direction

A

antiport

23
Q

channel proteins have a blank structure with a central blank

A

quaternary, hydrophilic pore

24
Q

channel selectivity relies mostly on blank

A

charge

25
Q

concentration gradient created by one solute powers the diffusion of another solute

A

secondary active transport

26
Q

sodium potassium pump is the same as sodium potassium blank

A

ATPase

27
Q

a uniport carrier protein during facilitated diffusion for glucose

A

GLUT

28
Q

sodium glucose symporter protein that is doing secondary active transport

A

SGLT

29
Q

benefit of having SGLT is that

A

can scavenge glucose when there is not a lot of it

30
Q

cells that need a lot of SGLT’s

A

stomach, large intestine, nephrons, neurons

31
Q

substrate binding always has blank no matter if passive or active

A

specificity, competition, saturation

32
Q

maltose is a blank in GLUT transporters

A

competitive inhibitor because it binds but won’t work because maltose jams up the protein

33
Q

membrane pushes out in this vesicular transport to engulf foreign particle

A

phagocytosis

34
Q

membrane caves in in this vesicular transport

A

endocytosis

35
Q

two types of endocytosis

A

pinocytosis (nonselective), receptor mediated (highly selective)

36
Q

endocytosis in reverse and secretory vesicles fuse with membrane surface

A

exocytosis

37
Q

epithelial tissue is the one type of tissue in body that has blank

A

polarity

38
Q

toward lumen in epithelium

A

apical

39
Q

other parts of epithelium (side and bottom)

A

basolateral

40
Q

two epithelial transport routes

A

transcellular, paracellular

41
Q

epithelial transport route where materials must pass through cells

A

transcellular

42
Q

epithelial transport route that materials must pass between cells

A

paracellular

43
Q

more selective, slower, and uses more energy route of epithelial transport

A

transcellular

44
Q

faster, less atp, and less selective epithelial transport route

A

paracellular

45
Q

both epithelial transport routes are blank

A

dynamic

46
Q

depolarization… cell is becoming more blank

A

positive

47
Q

hyperpolarization… cell is becoming more blank

A

negative

48
Q

quantity of a molecule in 1L of solvent

A

molarity

49
Q

number of all particles dissolved in 1L

A

Osmolarity

50
Q

flow of solvent

A

tonicity

51
Q

net loss of water

A

hypotonic

52
Q

gain and loss are equal

A

isotonic

53
Q

net gain of water

A

hypertonic

Physiology (11 decks)

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