Chapter 5 - Membrane Transport

Question 0

most prolific solute regulation in the body

Answer 0

sodium potassium pump

Question 1

fluid compartments of the body act as a blank between blank and blank

Answer 1

double buffer, cells, external environment

Question 2

why isn’t homeostasis equilibrium

Answer 2

it has osmotic equilibrium, chemical disequilibrium (because of sodium and potassium levels), and electrical disequilibrium (due to resting membrane potential)

Question 3

endocytosis, phagocytosis, and exocytosis all use a blank

Answer 3

membrane bound vesicle

Question 4

secondary active transport, facilitated diffusion, and primary active transport requires a blank

Answer 4

membrane protein

Question 5

in simple diffusion, a molecule goes straight through what

Answer 5

lipid bilayer

Question 6

diffusion is blank over short distances, and blank over long distances

Answer 6

rapid, slow

Question 7

diffusion is directly related to blank which speeds it up as it increases

Answer 7

temperature

Question 8

diffusion is blank related to molecular size

Answer 8

inversely

Question 9

1. Thickness of tissue
2. Size of concentration gradient
3. Surface area of partition
4. Temperature
5. Permeability of membrane
   all part of blank

Answer 9

Fick’s law of diffusion

Question 10

membrane proteins function as blank which has two kinds and they are…

Answer 10

membrane transporters, carrier protein, channel protein

Question 11

carrier proteins do what

Answer 11

change conformation shape

Question 12

channel proteins regulate what

Answer 12

gates of the channel itself

Question 13

two types of channel proteins

Answer 13

leak, gated

Question 14

three types of gated channels

Answer 14

mechanically gated, voltage gated, chemically gated

Question 15

membrane proteins can also function as blank proteins and are found in these two places

Answer 15

structural, cell junctions, cytoskeleton

Question 16

membrane proteins can function which are active in these two things

Answer 16

membrane enzymes, metabolism, signal transduction

Question 17

membrane blank tell the different membrane proteins when to function and under what conditions

Answer 17

membrane receptors

Question 18

a membrane receptor must have a blank on the blank of the cell to bind to blank which is usually blank

Answer 18

active site, outside, substrate, ligand

Question 19

ligand receptor complex triggers blank response which is called blank

Answer 19

intracellular response, signal transduction

Question 20

membrane transport protein that carries one thing in one direction

Answer 20

uniport

Question 21

membrane transport protein that carries two objects in one direction

Answer 21

symport

Question 22

membrane transport protein that carries two things in opposite direction

Answer 22

antiport

Question 23

channel proteins have a blank structure with a central blank

Answer 23

quaternary, hydrophilic pore

Question 24

channel selectivity relies mostly on blank

Answer 24

charge

Question 25

concentration gradient created by one solute powers the diffusion of another solute

Answer 25

secondary active transport

Question 26

sodium potassium pump is the same as sodium potassium blank

Answer 26

ATPase

Question 27

a uniport carrier protein during facilitated diffusion for glucose

Answer 27

GLUT

Question 28

sodium glucose symporter protein that is doing secondary active transport

Answer 28

SGLT

Question 29

benefit of having SGLT is that

Answer 29

can scavenge glucose when there is not a lot of it

Question 30

cells that need a lot of SGLT's

Answer 30

stomach, large intestine, nephrons, neurons

Question 31

substrate binding always has blank no matter if passive or active

Answer 31

specificity, competition, saturation

Question 32

maltose is a blank in GLUT transporters

Answer 32

competitive inhibitor because it binds but won't work because maltose jams up the protein

Question 33

membrane pushes out in this vesicular transport to engulf foreign particle

Answer 33

phagocytosis

Question 34

membrane caves in in this vesicular transport

Answer 34

endocytosis

Question 35

two types of endocytosis

Answer 35

pinocytosis (nonselective), receptor mediated (highly selective)

Question 36

endocytosis in reverse and secretory vesicles fuse with membrane surface

Answer 36

exocytosis

Question 37

epithelial tissue is the one type of tissue in body that has blank

Answer 37

polarity

Question 38

toward lumen in epithelium

Answer 38

apical

Question 39

other parts of epithelium (side and bottom)

Answer 39

basolateral

Question 40

two epithelial transport routes

Answer 40

transcellular, paracellular

Question 41

epithelial transport route where materials must pass through cells

Answer 41

transcellular

Question 42

epithelial transport route that materials must pass between cells

Answer 42

paracellular

Question 43

more selective, slower, and uses more energy route of epithelial transport

Answer 43

transcellular

Question 44

faster, less atp, and less selective epithelial transport route

Answer 44

paracellular

Question 45

both epithelial transport routes are blank

Answer 45

dynamic

Question 46

depolarization... cell is becoming more blank

Answer 46

positive

Question 47

hyperpolarization... cell is becoming more blank

Answer 47

negative

Question 48

quantity of a molecule in 1L of solvent

Answer 48

molarity

Question 49

number of all particles dissolved in 1L

Answer 49

Osmolarity

Question 50

flow of solvent

Answer 50

tonicity

Question 51

net loss of water

Answer 51

hypotonic

Question 52

gain and loss are equal

Answer 52

isotonic

Question 53

net gain of water

Answer 53

hypertonic