Chapter 11 After First Test Flashcards
pathway neuron that goes from CNS to ganglion
preganglionic
two neurons in an autonomic pathway
preganglionic and postganglionic
pathway neuron that goes from ganglion to target cell
postganglionic
blank division of autonomic nervous system is more systemic because it diverges more proximally than distally like blank
sympathetic, parasympathetic
ganglia also contain blank which receive input from blank neurons
interneurons, sensory
parasympathetic has more rapid local feed back because
more localized than sympathetic
some systems are only under blank control by the blank division
tonic, sympathetic
examples of only sympathetic tonic control
adrenal medulla, veins/arterioles
parasympathetic only uses blank but sympathetic use blank and blank as neurotransmitters
ach, ach, norepinephrine
difference between sympathetic and parasympathetic
norepinephrine goes to target cell via a adrenergic receptor whereas parasympathetic has ach that goes to target cell via a muscarinic receptor
ach binds to blank receptor in both sympathetic and parasympathetic in the ganglion
nicotinic
adding a nicotinic agonist would blank
speed everything up
adding muscarinic antagonist would
block parasympathetic pathways would reduce digestive function
adding nicotinic antagonist and adrenergic agonist
target cell would still be stimulated because of adrenergic agonist but parasympathetic would be blocked because nicotinic antagonist would block first receptor
autonomic neuroeffector junctions differ from a model synapse because there are blank, not discrete axon terminals
varicosities
receptors are spread throughout blank instead of blank like in other junctions
membrane, clustered
autonomic junctions are a blank specific response and target a blank area
less, great
which would have a faster effect on a patient and why?
A. MAO inhibitor
B. Ache inhibitor
Ache because it is in the synapse whereas MAO is in the synaptic cleft so the ligand would have to be pumped back into the cleft before it can be inhibited
true endocrine gland of adrenal gland
adrenal cortex (epithelial tissue)
modified ganglion part of adrenal gland that is neural tissue
adrenal medulla
which of the following describes a chromaffin cell?
Nicotinic receptors because it responds to ach because it is creating adrenaline not responding to it
epinephrine is a blank so it is faster in the blood stream because it is smaller than a blank
amine, peptide
postganglionic parasympathetics secrete blank onto blank receptors
Ach, muscarinic
all postganglionics are blank receptors and there are blank types
g protein coupled, five
postganglionics either blank or blank these channels
open, close, K+, Na+
blank drugs combine with the receptor
direct
blank drugs alter ligand availability or transduction
indirect
ibuprofen is a blank because it inhibits the enzyme that creates blank
indirect antagonist, prostaglandins
nicotinic receptors are always blank and allow in blank since it is ion gated
excitatory, sodium ions
blank pathway has the most sustained response because it is blank
adrenal sympathetic, endocrine
blank pathway uses nicotinic like in skeletal muscle so it is always blank
somatic motor, excitatory
blank cells do not allow neurotransmitters to diffuse away in somatic motor pathway
Schwann
this inhibits nicotinic receptors in skeletal muscle but not in cardiac muscle so there must be blank
curare, isoforms
neuromuscular junction nicotinic receptor has blank ion channels and has blank sites that must be filled
chemically gated, two
neuromuscular junction nicotinic receptors allow the passage of blank cations that blank the sarcolemma
monovalent (Na+ & K+), depolarizes
