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Physiology > Chapter 19 and 20 - Renal System > Flashcards

Chapter 19 and 20 - Renal System Flashcards

0
Q

thick part of loop of henle is made of blank epithelium

A

cuboidal

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1
Q

thin part of loop of henle is made of blank epithelial tissue

A

simple squamous

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2
Q

nephrons that dip from cortex all the way into medulla

A

juxtamedullary nephrons

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3
Q

bowman’s capsule and glomerulus podocytes function

A

filters plasma by bulk flow

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4
Q

proximal tubule funtion

A

reabsorbs large solutes which also moves water via osmosis

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5
Q

loop of henle function

A

reabsorbs more solutes than water

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6
Q

loop of henle creates blank urine

A

dilute

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7
Q

loop of henle sets up blank in renal medulla

A

high concentration

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8
Q

distal tubule and collecting duct function

A

dynamic reabsorption and secretion which determines final urine concentration

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9
Q

filtration is done by blank and blank

A

bulk flow, lateral hydraulic pressure

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10
Q

reabsorption and secretion are both controlled by blank via blank

A

membrane transport, simple diffusion

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11
Q

GFR is the blank

A

glomerular filtration rate

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12
Q

glomerular filtration is about blank liters per day

A

180

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13
Q

blank pressure must be greater than blank pressure or the kidneys stop working

A

lateral, osmotic

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14
Q

pressure changes in arterioles alter renal blood flow by changing

A

hydraulic pressure, glomerular filtration rate

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15
Q

three processes for local GFR regulation

A

myogenic response, tubuloglomerular feedback, hormones/autonomic neurons

16
Q

local GFR regulation that has stretch sensitive ion channels opening which causes contraction to lower blood flow to lower filtration pressure

A

myogenic response

17
Q

local GFR regulation that is in the juxtaglomerular apparatus by paracrine control using renin

A

tubuloglomerular feedback

18
Q

long term local gfr regulation that changes resistance in arterioles and alters capillary surface area or permeability

A

hormone/autonomic neurons

19
Q

secretion is a blank process

A

active

20
Q

secretion allows urine conc to be greater than blank solute

A

plasma

21
Q

secretion regulates blood concentration and pH by

A

Na+, K+, H+

22
Q

blank percent of penicillin is excreted in 3 hours

A

80

23
Q

probenecid competes for blank anion blank which allows for slower blank

A

organic, transporter, excretion

24
Q

excretion rates can vary for different blank

A

solutes

25
Q

rate that solute is removed from plasma

A

clearance

26
Q

clearance is determined by comparing solute in blank vs blank

A

blood, urine

27
Q

this is used to determine gfr because barely any is reabsorbed or secreted

A

creatinine

28
Q

plant root polysaccharide that is a perfect measurement of gfr and doctor’s usually use this test if they know the patient’s kidneys are the problem

A

inulin

29
Q

there should be no glucose in the urine because it is all balnk

A

reabsorbed

30
Q

urea is reabsorbed but not all of it so

A

some is peed out

31
Q

we have a transporter to blank penicillin but none to blank it

A

filter, reabsorb

32
Q

these nephrons just alter blank not blank

A

volume, concentration

33
Q

renal medulla has about half concentration of blank and another half blank

A

salts, urea

34
Q

adh causes blank of urea transporters which blanks urea

A

exocytosis, increases

35
Q

aldosterone causes blank of urea transporters which blanks urea and increases blank concentration

A

endocytosis, decreases, salt

36
Q

adh increases number of blank in apical membrane which moves more water out of blank

A

aquaporins, collecting duct

37
Q

most potent vasoconstrictor made by body

A

ANG II

38
Q

these are given to diabetics to decrease blood volume

A

ACE inhibitors

Physiology (11 decks)

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