Chapter 5 Engaging an Audience Flashcards
Formula for engaging and having effective teaching
- relevance - help audience see how info is applicable to their life
- respect
- participation - active participation, talk with not at
adults have a deep need to be ….
self directed
curriculum is built around student’s needs and interests
rescue of highest value in adult education is the learners experience
what is the adult’s learners living textbook?
experience
FLE should not be a complete ….
share fest - sharing ideas
the group leader has an obligation to have more knowledge of what?
the research and subject area
what is the ideal learning situation for adults?
to bring the knowledge and facilitation skills of the educator together with the experience and problem solving capacity of the participants
there are no ____ _____ to the question of what changes people
simple answers
there are some ideas from _____ _______ as to why and how some people change
personality theories
who divided the theories of personality into 3 broad categories?
Maddi
personality theory: conflict models
by Maddi
the core tendency in humans is to maximize instinctual gratification while minimizing punishment and guilt
this puts humans in conflict with society, which must manage individuals drives if the common good is to be maintained
there is inherent conflict between family members interests or between an individual family member and the family as a whole
the task of FLEs who subscribe to conflict models of human behavior would be to teach family members to gratify their own needs while respecting the needs of others
personality theory: consistency models
by Maddi
posit that all humans want to reduce the tension or difference between expectation and reality
suggests that humans seek to maintain a level of activation to which they are accustomed. When people are under activated, they seek more stimulation. When they are over activated, they seek to reduce stimulation
the task of FLEs who subscribe to the consistency model may be to present situations that challenge participants traditional ways of thinking
personality theory: fulfillment models
by Maddi
rather than seeing the world as two great forces at odds with each other, fulfillment models focus on one great force, the realization of one’s abilities or the striving toward ideals
suggest that we cannot move to higher levels of functioning when lower needs are gnawing at us
the task of FLEs who subscribe to the fulfillment model to engage the audience is to paint the picture of personal possibilities for participants
conflict models remind us that…
there is often conflict within families and classes
consistency model encourages us to …
be mindful of the activation levels of class members
fulfillment models offer an…
optimistic portrait of personal development that can give us and our participants renewed hope
the _____ between the educator and the learner may be more important than the content of the lesson
relationship
in family relationships, nothing matters as much as the ___ of the relationship
quality
all family life educators will form a unique combo of models to form a ____ ____
personal philosophy
fulfillment model is similar to collaborator or facilitator
research confirms that the ____ of relationship matters more than the specific techniques used
quality
in the absence of a positive, affirming relationship, ____ is less likely
growth
joining a family is…
the relationship building process
joining is the glue that holds the…
helping system together
6 processes for joining
- emphasize positive statements reported by family members
ex- I am impressed with your resilience - encourage family members to share their story about themselves
ex- I appreciate your willingness to share with me - note family interactions that reflect strength
ex- I like the way you involve your family in problem solving - emphasize those times that members enjoy together
ex- it sounds as if your family enjoys watching that show together! - reframe problems or negative statements in a more positive way
ex- your worry was a sign that you really care about your children - emphasize what families do well
ex- please tell us more about how you overcame that challenge
there are ____ ______ that require educators to carefully establish a boundary between their educational efforts and the methods of therapy
ethical issues
FLE must have more personal depth, but too much depth or intensity risks…
harming participants or scaring them away
participants should be encouraged to tell stories, express feelings and try new behaviors
but if they recount stories of traumatic memories in painful details, it can be damaging
Haim Ginott concludes that parents need _____ rather than ___; they are not mentally ill - they are merely uninformed
education
therapy
family involvement model
level 1: minimal emphasis on family might include a parent- teacher conference where school conveys policy or info
level 2: info and advice is the level at which the educator undertakes training of the recipients
level 3: feelings and support add to the info of level 2, the processing of feelings. this is not the intense processing of personal and painful experience. this is the level on which much of FLE takes place
level 4: brief focused intervention which represents the upper boundary of FLE. this is practiced by a minority of professionals who choose to work with special populations who seek special training in family assessment and basic family interventions
level 5: family therapy, which is beyond the scope of FLE
ginott spent years working with _____ and _____ using _____
children and parents using play therapy
ginott developed principles of working with parents that combines principles of _____ with _____
trust building with emotional education
ginott’s method stage 1
stage 1: recitation
participants are encouraged to talk about their challenging experiences as parents or partners
- this allows participants to discover that all people have problems, and its allows the educator to model attention, understanding and acceptance
- many people have never had someone sensitively listen to them before. its important for participants to be heard and understood
- its important to resist the urge to correct or preach, and be skillful in remaining supportive or encouraging
- objective of this stage is not to teach skills, but to make participants feel VALUED, ACCEPTED, AND UNDERSTOOD
ginott’s method: stage 2
stage 2: sensitization
the educator turns the attention of the participants to understanding the feelings of others (ex parents understanding their children)
ex- why might that have been especially difficult for your son?
the educator helps them understood by asking them how they might have felt in a similar situation
everyone has struggles with disappointments. one of the challenges of family life is to apply our own human struggles to understanding how our children and partners feel
while we can never completely understand, we can appreciate how real the pain or joy or confusion is
family life is made more difficult when family members react to each others behavior without taking time to understand
when we feel understood we can work together more effectively
ginott’s method: stage 3
stage 3: learning the concepts
at this stage, participants feel understood and valued and they are also more adept at understanding and valuing others
therefore, now they are at a place where they can learn the content of the program and apply it to their lives most effectively
the educator may even invite participants to customize the principles of the program to their family realities
ginott’s method: stage 4
stage 4: teach and practice skills
participants learn how to use their new skills and get practice in applying the principles through class discussions and real life practice
a wise educator will not try to be source of all answers but will ask participants for their ideas. for every situation there are many ways of responding
if skills are thought of as tools in tool box, then it is important for participants to have many diff tools and to know how to use them
some participants may become _____ or ___
angry or hostile
some angry participants may benefit from ____
individual therapy
educators are strongly encouraged to provide ______ to trained professionals
appropriate referrals
tips for bringing out participants best
- educators should feel and show a great respect for the efforts, skills, experiences, and challenges that participants bring
- educators honor participants and bring out their best self by inviting them to be creative problem solvers
- there are times when a participant will make a statement that the educator disagrees with. honor the part of the statement that is true while inviting the participant to other possibilities
