Chapter 5: Early American P.E. Flashcards
what are the characteristics of a traditional Native American sport?
- strong connection between sport and social, spiritual, and economic aspects of life
- sportsmanship and fair play
- special perspective on team membership, interaction, and leadership styles
- preparation of mind, body, and soul prior to competition
- art is an expression of identity and aesthetics
- rules and precision in sport is important
- males and females participate in sport
- gambling was vital
what is Shinny?
a sport similar to field hockey, played by many females
what are the 3 R’s of public education?
reading, writing, and art
what was the first private school that required physical education as a program?
Round Hill School in Northampton, Massachusetts
- German immigrants taught Americans Turner Gymnastics
why was Turner Gymnastics not popular in Early American physical education?
the system focused on developing strength which didn’t relate to the appeal of sports in America
who was Catherine Beecher?
first american to design a program for Children’s exercise
who was Dioclesian Lewis?
promoted the abolition of slavery, women’s rights and health
what is a normal school?
specialized institution for preparing students to be teachers
what was the Normal Institute for Physical Education?
a 10 week program that gave instructions on anatomy, physiology, hygiene, and gymnastics
who is Edward Hitchcock?
a founder of anthropometrics (body measurements)
who is Dudley Sargent?
- designed exercise machines
- focused on individualized strength
what was The Battle of the Systems?
a debate on making a unified system of gymnastics in the USA
what was the objective of the Young Men’s Christian Association (YMCA)?
to develop an “all-around male”
what was The Playground Movement?
desire to build recreational areas for children to play in overcrowded cities
what are settlement houses?
- encouraged kids to play popular games
- helped kids and parents learn english
- assimilated immigrants into american culture
