Chapter 13: Age and Ability

Question 1

why is it believed that older people should avoid vigorous activity?

Answer 1

they have passed their prime and were facing inevitable/unavoidable physical decline

Question 2

why are people with intellectual disability told to avoid sports?

Answer 2

it can overexcite them and be dangerous to themselves and people around them

Question 3

what is the ableist ideology?

Answer 3

ideas and beliefs used to identify people as physically/intellectually disabled, to justify treating them inferior

Question 4

what is ageism?

Answer 4

a perspective that favours one age group (usually younger people) over others, justifying discrimination because of the assumption that they aren’t capable of participation in mainstream activity

Question 5

what is the identification term the elderly prefer?

Answer 5

older people because it refers to age as a continuum recognizing them as a person

Question 6

what is ableism?

Answer 6

a perspective in which the label of disability marks a person as inferior/incapable of participation in mainstream activity

Question 7

what is impairment?

Answer 7

a physical, sensory or intellectual condition that can limit a person’s full participation

Question 8

what is disabled?

Answer 8

a person with an impairment that is determined to cause significant functional limitations

Question 9

what is the World Masters Games?

Answer 9

a multi-sport event every 4 years for competitors over 35 years old

Question 10

what is “double jeopardy”?

Answer 10

the relationship between age and gender, women are doubly constrained by age and gender

Question 11

what is the “feminization of aging”?

Answer 11

a social condition in which women have longer life expectancies than men

Question 12

what is handicapped?

Answer 12

being held back, weighed down, and marked as inferior due to physical/intellectual impairments

Question 13

what was the requirement of the International Powerlifting Federation in terms of their lifting competitions?

Answer 13

competitors must lift with two feet in contact with the floor, and a prosthetic did not count

Question 14

what is the medical model of disability?

Answer 14

• based on the perspectives of those who aren’t impaired

- the goal to fix impairments of people with disability

Question 15

what are 2 reasons for why the medical model of disability is popular?

Answer 15

1. many people accept the ableist ideology and see disability as something needed to be diagnosed and treated
2. a massive industry is based around this approach

Question 16

what is the social model of disability?

Answer 16

• identifies barrier as the problem and removing them as the goal rather than individuals being the problem

Question 17

what is the Americans with Disabilities Act?

Answer 17

all programs and facilities open to everyone must also be open to people with disabilities unless it creates threats to the health and safety of those involved

Question 18

what are the 3 factors that make sports the center of inclusion battles among people with impairments?

Answer 18

1. sports are highly visible and culturally valued activities
2. belief that sport participation is important for personal and health development
3. sports are increasingly organized to be exclusive on the basis of ability

Question 19

how can social inclusion be completed?

Answer 19

• investment and strategies for inclusion by closing the gaps between “us” and “them”
• creating contexts where excluded people can see they’re valued, respected, and contributing members
• a developmental approach to social well-being where people’s needs are supported
• recognition of the reality of diversity and commonality of people’s experiences

Question 20

what is the Rehabilitation Act?

Answer 20

people with disabilities could not be denied benefits/opportunities received by other citizen

Question 21

who created the paralympic games and who were the games for?

Answer 21

• ludwig guttmann, a neurosurgeon and director or a british medical centre for war veterans with spinal cord injuries
• athletes were veterans who had paralysis due to war-related spinal cord injuries

Question 22

what is the flex-foot cheetah prosthesis?

Answer 22

replicates the hind leg of a cat with a small-profile foot used by Oscar Pistorius, sporting cyborg

Question 23

what are 4 problems about the current classification system?

Answer 23

1. classification is based on political agreements about types and degrees of impairments defined as incapable
2. “disabled” only has meaning when distinguished from the category “able-bodied”
3. leads many people to assume that people who are disable aren’t normal and are inferior
4. when disabled seek equity, people with ableist attitudes see them as wanting special priviliges