Chapter 2: Philosophy Flashcards
what is philosophy?
- the love, study, or pursuit of wisdom, knowledge, and truth
- an attempt at understanding the meaning of life by analyzing and synthesizing why people believe or act as they do
what is metaphysics?
- focuses on the nature of things and how actions are related to one another
- describes the qualities of physical and nonphysical things
what is axiology?
- focuses on the value of things and discovering whether actions, things, or circumstances are good and virtuous
- attempt to answer how people should act in certain situations
what is epistemology?
examines what people know, and how and why they hold certain beliefs
what are aesthetics?
focuses on the artistic, sensual, or beautiful aspects of movement
what are ethics?
study of moral values or doing of good towards others or oneself
what is the Coach’s Code of Conduct?
- states that coaches must know and demonstrate expertise in coaching competencies (safety, injury prevention)
- coaches are role models of fair play, integrity, and sportsmanship
- development of skills and fitness must be done in a safe environment
what is the Code of Ethics of the American Society of Exercise Physiologists?
- guidance of professional conduct for individuals who apply exercise physiology in their careers
- 10 statements hold members accountable for discrimination, competence, and confidentiality about health and safely
what is the North American Society for Sport Management?
- principals of professional conduct and obligations and responsibilities to others
- ensures that sport managers meet the highest standards of professional integrity
what is the Code of Ethics for American Physical Therapist Association?
- emphasizes maintaining and promoting ethical practice in the best interest of the client
- 8 principals to respect the rights and dignity of all individuals
what is idealism?
- truth emerges from reasoning and mental process
- ideas, values, an truth do not change
what is realism?
- truth is proven by science
- “real things” are proven by the scientific method
what is naturalism?
- states that nature is a source of value
- the physical world is the classroom
- we learn by trial and error
what is pragmatism?
- states that experience is how we find truth
- people are understanding of things once they experience it
- sport is best experienced with others
what is existentialism?
- everyone’s experience in unique
- emphasizes freedom and personal choice as a way to learn
- individual responsibility for decisions
what is ethics?
the study of moral values or good doing towards others or oneself
what are principles?
universal rules that identify what actions, intentions, and motives are valued
what is moral reasoning?
a systematic process that evaluates personal values and determines a set of moral principles to live by
what are the 3 steps of moral reasoning?
step 1: moral knowing, addressing moral issues and how to solve it
step 2: moral valuing, deciding on what you believe
step 3: moral acting, behaving based on knowledge and values
what are teleological theories?
focuses on the end results and consequences of processes and actions
what is utilitarianism theory?
states that decisions should be made based on what will benefit the most people
example) teacher giving a good grade to an athlete so he can still compete
what is deontology theory?
the duty to conform to absolute rules of moral behaviour
what are Kantian/non-consequential theories?
actions must conform to absolute rules of moral behaviour
example) admitting when you knock a ball out of bounds
what are 5 moral imperatives in sports?
- fair play means playing within the rules
- seeking to win within the rules is acceptable, winning at all costs is not
- treat opponents with respect
- games are played for excellence, not intimidation
- violent and unfair actions are never acceptable
what integrity?
the foundation of ethical decision-making
what is arete?
all values and virtues that make a good person in order to achieve one’s highest potential
what are examples of internal goods?
virtues and qualities
what are examples of external goods?
description of what people do (how someone builds a positive relationship)
what is the National Athletic Trainers’ Association Code of Ethics?
principals of ethical behaviour that should be followed in ethical training
what are the principals in the NATA Code of Ethics?
principle 1: members shall respect the rights, welfare, and dignity of all
principle 2: members shall comply with laws and regulations of training
principle 3: members shall promote high standards in services
principle 4: members shall not engage in conduct that could be seen as a conflict of interest
what is eclecticism?
a combination of theories that are put into a compatible set of beliefs
how do you develop a personal theory?
discuss personal values, how they reflect in your life, and your professional goals
