Chapter 5: Communicating nonverbally Flashcards
1
Q
nonverbal communication
A
- includes those behaviors and characteristics that convey meaning without the use of words
- some nonverbal communication behaviors accompany words
- other nonverbal communications behaviors convey meaning on their own
- means more than words
- more expressive than words
- actions > words
2
Q
6 characteristics of nonverbal communication
A
- present in most communication contexts: emoticons, emoji, nonverbal channels
- often conveys more than verbal communication
- usually believed over verbal communication -> deception
- primary means of expression emotion
- metacommunicates- im really upset with you because…communication about communicating
3
Q
serves multiple functions: nonbehavioral communication
A
- manage conversations- putting your hand up to end a conversation
- maintain relationships (immediacy behaviors)- hand holding, hugging
- form impressions- dress, actions, body language
- influence others
- conceal information
4
Q
facial displays
A
- particularly important in 3 areas
- identity
- attractiveness- symmetry and proportionality
- emotion
5
Q
eye behaviors
A
- oculesics
- comprise a second nonverbal channel
- eye contact
- pupil size
- pupils dilate- surprised, excited, anxiety, fear
6
Q
kinesics
A
- study of movement
- study of gestures -> gesticulation
- body movement/language
- emblems- putting your hand up to stop a conversation
- illustrators- using your body to clarify something- showing length
- affect displays- show emotion, hand over mouth motion -> surprised
- regulators- signals that control the flow of convo - speeding up, slow down, stop
- adaptors- used to satisfy personal needs -> scratching, hair behind ear
7
Q
haptics
A
- study of touch
- first of our senses we learn to use
- affectionate- hugging, kissing
- caregiving- doctor, hair cut -> can have emotion but doesnt need to
- power and control- direct touch -> guiding a child in a parking lot
- aggressive- harm
- ritualistic- customs and norms -> handshakes,
8
Q
vocalics
A
- paralanguage
- know what it is not necessary all 9
- aspects of the voice that convey meaning
- pitch
- inflection- variations in pitch (no inflection -> monotone)
- volume
- rate
- filler words- umm
- pronunciation
- articulation- speaking clearly, how understandable you are
- accent
- silence
9
Q
olfactics
A
- study of smell
- olfactic associations
- odors can bring up specific memories
- sexual attraction
- we are drawn to people with dissimilar scents
10
Q
proxemics
A
- study of the use of space to communicate
- halls spatial zones:
- intimate distance- 0-1.5 ft
- personal distance- 1.5-4 ft
- social distance- 4-12 ft
- public distance- 12-25 ft
11
Q
physical appearance
A
- sends messages whether intentional or not
- halo effect says we attribute positive qualities to attractive people
- pressure to be attractive can lead to, or worsen, eating disorders
12
Q
chronemics
A
- the way we use time to communicate
- messages about value
- messages about power- dont keep people waiting
13
Q
artifacts
A
- objects and visual features in an environment that reflect who we are and what we like
- artifacts can also reflect how we wish to be seen by others
- collection
14
Q
culture influences nonverbal communication
A
- emblems- waving, thumbs up
- affect displays- how we display emotions, hand over mouth when suprised
- personal distance
- eye contact
- facial displays of emotion
- greeting behavior
- time orientations touch
- vocalics
15
Q
sex (gender) influences nonverbal communication
A
- emotional expressiveness
- vocalics
- touch
- appearance
