Chapter 13: Presenting a speech Confidently and Competently

Question 1

impromptu speeches

Answer 1

• delivered with little or no preparation
• advantages- little preparation requires and genuine sounding
• disadvantages- lack of preparation, stressful, difficult to speak on the spot

Question 2

extemporaneous speeches

Answer 2

• carefully prepared to sound as though they are spontaneous
• advantages- speaker can have notes while making the speech sound spontaneous
• disadvantages- can be difficult to do well under strict time constraints or if perfect grammar is required

Question 3

scripted speeches

Answer 3

• composed word for word and then read aloud exactly as written
• advantages- provides maximum control, so the speaker will always know what to say
• disadvantages- takes considerable time to prepare and manuscript can be distracting for the speaker and the audience

Question 4

memorized speeches

Answer 4

• composed word for word and then delivered from memory
• advantages- the speaker has high control over the verbal content with no notes to distract, the speaker can use natural gestures and maintain eye contact
• disadvantages- considerable effort to write and memorize is required, the speaker risks sounding insincere, a speakers memory can fail during delivery

Question 5

public speaking anxiety

Answer 5

• a form of stress
• psychological effects
• stage fright
• anticipatory anxiety
• physical effects:
• fight or flight response
• elevated stress hormones
• increased heart rate
• elevated blood pressure

Question 6

choosing and using presentation aids

Answer 6

• remember the goal
• consider the context
• size and arrangement of room
• time available for speech
• resources available
• strive for simplicity
• be ethical
• practice with your presentation aids
• have a backup plan