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CNA > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Five types of wellness

A

Physical wellness includes things like being able to complete everyday tasks
Social wellness has to do with relating to other people
Emotional wellness covers managing stress and expressing feelings
Intellectual wellness deals with growing and learning throughout the life span
Spiritual wellness includes religious beliefs, ethics, values, and more

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2
Q

Psychosocial needs

A

Needs that involve social interaction, emotions, intellect, and spirituality

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3
Q

What does holistic care involve?

A

Considering the whole person, and this includes both physical and psychosocial needs

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4
Q

Example of holistic care

A

A nursing assistant taking time to talk with residents while helping them bathe. The nursing assistant is meeting a physical need by helping them bathe and meeting their psychosocial need for interaction with others.

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5
Q

Need

A

Something necessary or required

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6
Q

Basic physical needs

A 
Food and water
Protection and shelter
Activity
Sleep and rest
Safety
Comfort, especially freedom from pain
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7
Q

Psychosocial needs include…

A 
Love and affection
Acceptance by others
Security
Self-reliance and independence in daily living
Contact with others
Success and self-esteem
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8
Q

Who developed a model to show how physical and psychosocial needs are arranged in order of importance?

A

Abraham Maslow

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9
Q

List the hierarchy of needs in order

A

1) physical needs
2) safety and security needs
3) need for love
4) need for self-esteem
5) need for self-actualization

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10
Q

Cultural diversity

A

The variety of people living and working together in the world

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11
Q

Transcultural nursing

A

The study of various cultures with the goal of providing care specific to each culture

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12
Q

Cultural competence

A

An ongoing process of learning about other cultures and applying that knowledge to help provide better health care

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13
Q

List the different types of families

A 
Nuclear families (2 parents, 2 children)
Single-parent families
Married or committed couples of the same sex or opposite sex, with or without children
Extended families
Blended families
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14
Q

Ways that families help residents

A

Providing some care
Helping make decisions
Relating routines and preferences to care team members
Connecting residents to the outside world
Reading mail
Helping to prepare menus

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15
Q

Ways that families help residents

A

Taking resident’s on walks
Going with residents to activities and outside functions
Helping with personal care
Washing special clothing g at home
Shopping for special items, gifts, or cards
Helping to prepare cards, letters, and gifts

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16
Q

When a resident or family member comes to the nursing assistant with problems or needs she should…

A 
Listen closely and do not interrupt
Offer support and encouragement
Show that she cares
Respond with a meaningful message instead of a cliché
Maintain professional boundaries
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17
Q

Religion

A

A set of beliefs concerning the cause and nature of the universe that often includes a moral code and usually involves specific rituals and practices

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18
Q

Buddhism

A

A religion that follows the teachings of Buddha

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19
Q

Christianity

A

A religion that follows the teachings of Jesus Christ

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20
Q

Hinduism

A

A religion that believed in the unity of everything and that all are a part of God

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21
Q

Islam

A

A religion that follows the prophet Muhammad and the Five Pillars of Islam

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22
Q

Judaism

A

A religion that follows the teachings of God as given to Moses in laws and commandments

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23
Q

Spirituality

A

Of or relating to the concerns of the spirit, the sacred, or the soul

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24
Q

Agnostic

A

A person who claims that he does not know or cannot know if God exists

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25
Q

Atheist

A

A person who claims that there is no God

26
Q

How can a nursing assistant show respect for a resident’s beliefs?

A

Never making judgements about residents’ beliefs or try to push their own beliefs on residents

27
Q

Ways to meet residents spiritual needs

A

Honor dietary restrictions
Report requests to see clergy promptly. Give privacy for clergy visits
Respect all religious items
Allow time and privacy for prayer
Make sure residents who want to go to religious services are ready on time and are helped to the proper site
Report to nurse or social worker if resident needs help finding spiritual resources

28
Q

Ways to help residents meet their spiritual needs (Don’ts)

A

Trying to change someone’s religion or beliefs or telling a resident his/her belief or religion is wrong
Expressing judgments about a religious group
Interfering with religious practice

29
Q

Types of sexuality

A 
Asexual
Bisexual
Celibate
Cross-dresser
Gay
Heterosexual 
Lesbian
Transgender
Transition
30
Q

How must a nursing assistant treat someone with a different sexuality?

A

With respect no matter what sexuality

31
Q

Important points about sexual needs

A

Humans continue to have sexual needs throughout their lives
Sexual urges do not end due to age or admission to a care facility
Do not assume you know what impact w disability has on sexuality

32
Q

Ways to help residents with their sexual needs

A

Knock and wait for permission to enter the resident’s room
Provide privacy if you encounter sexual situations. Do not discuss what you saw
Do not judge sexual choices or orientation
If you witness sexual abuse, remove the resident to a safe place and report to the nurse immediately
Do not view any expression of sexuality by the elderly as disgusting or cute
If a sexual situation is disturbing or inappropriate, ask a nurse for help

33
Q

Myths about older adults and sexuality

A

1) Older men are not capable of having sexual relations
2) After menopause older women are not interested in sexual relations
3) Any expression of sexuality of older people is either disgusting or cute

34
Q

How are growth and development different?

A

Growth- the physical changes that can be measured

Development- emotional, social, and physical changes that occur

35
Q

Types of development

A

Cognitive development: increasing ability to think and learn
Language development: gaining language skills
Moral development: forming a sense of right and wrong
Motor development: gaining the ability to do things like grass things, use scissors,and draw
Physical development: changes that happen to the body during growth
Sexual development: reproductive changes that occur when people reach puberty
Social development: learning to relate with other people

36
Q

Infancy (birth to 12 months)

A

Physical development moves from the head down
Learn to grasp, lift their heads, and crawl
Touch is important as a communication tool

37
Q

Toddler (ages 1 to 3)

A

Speech improves
Gain coordination of limbs
Important to protect them as they explore the world

38
Q

Pre-school (ages 3 to 6)

A

Become more independent
Form social relationships
Sense of imagination develops

39
Q

School-age (ages 6-10)

A

Cognitive and social development is important

Begins it develop a conscience, morals, and self-esteem

40
Q

Preadolescence (ages 10-13)

A

Views life more realistically
Uses reason or analyze situations
Girls may reach puberty

41
Q

Adolescence (ages 13-19)

A

Both genders become sexually mature
May have mood swings
Concerned about acceptance from others

42
Q

Young adulthood (ages 19-40)

A

Make decisions about career and education
May meet life partner
May decide to have children

43
Q

Middle adulthood (ages 40-65)

A

Usually become more comfortable and stable
May take trips or start a second career
May have a mid-life crisis

44
Q

Late adulthood (65 years or older)

A

May retire from jobs
Health problems may limit mobility
Staying connected to others is vital to staying healthy

45
Q

Stereotype

A

A biased generalization about a group that is usually based on opinions and distorted ideas

46
Q

Ageism

A

Stereotyping of, prejudice toward, and/or discrimination against the elderly

47
Q

Most older adults are lonely and depressed

A

False

48
Q

Elderly people cannot manage their bills and bank accounts

A

False

49
Q

Older adults are not interested in sex

A

False

50
Q

Aging is a normal process

A

True

51
Q

Many older adults continue to learn

A

True

52
Q

Most elderly people are grumpy

A

False

53
Q

Most elderly people are helpless and cannot do anything by themselves

A

False

54
Q

Elderly people are not as intelligent as younger people

A

False

55
Q

Most older adults are active and continue to have interests

A

True

56
Q

Developmental disability

A

A chronic condition that restricts physical and/or mental abilities

57
Q

Important points about developmental disabilities

A

A developmental disability is a chronic condition
Developmental disabilities restrict physical or mental ability
They may cause difficulty with self-care or ADLs

58
Q

Types of developmental disabilities a nursing assistant may encounter

A

Intellectual disability
Cerebral palsy
Autism spectrum disorder
Fragile X syndrome

59
Q

Guidelines for caring for residents with developmental disabilities

A

Treat adult residents as adults
Praise and encourage positive behavior
Teach ADLs by dividing tasks into small steps
Repeat words to make sure they are understood
Talk to the resident even if he cannot speak. Use alternate methods of communication as directed.

60
Q

Guidelines for caring for residents with developmental disabilities

A

Promote independence while ensuring safety
Prevent falls
Encourage residents to follow special diets
Encourage social interaction
Be patient

CNA (17 decks)

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