Chapter 24

Question 1

Briefly describe nonspecific immunity and specific immunity

Answer 1

Specific- type of immunity that is acquired by the body

Active- the body manufactures antibodies as a response to an antigen, or foreign substance, in the body

Question 2

Normal age-related changes for the immune and lymphatic system

Answer 2

Immune system weakens, causing increased risk of all types of infections
Antibody response slows
Y-cells decrease in number
Response to vaccines decreases

Question 3

What is the difference between benign and malignant tumors?

Answer 3

Benign- grow slowly and do not spread to other parts of the body
Malignant- grow rapidly and invade surrounding tissue

Question 4

Known causes of cancer

Answer 4

Genetic factors
Certain lifestyle choices, such as tobacco use
Alcohol use
Poor diet/obesity
Lack of physical activity 
Certain infections 
Environmental exposure, such as radiation
Sun exposure

Question 5

What is one way that HIV is transmitted?

Answer 5

By contact with contaminated needles

Question 6

What is one of the NAs responsibilities when caring for a resident who has acquired AIDS.

Answer 6

The NA should help protect the resident from infections

Question 7

A diet low in what my help residents who have diarrhea?

Answer 7

Fiber

Question 8

Which type of treatment for cancer involves using high-energy rays to attempt to destroy cancer cells in a specific area?

Answer 8

Radiation therapy

Question 9

If a resident with cancer expresses fear about her condition, which of the following would be the best response by the nursing assistant?

Answer 9

“I understand you’re sacred. How can I help?”