Chapter 5 Flashcards
CNS approaches
Ablation
Temporary blockades
stereotaxic surgery
experimental ablation
brain surgery using a stereotaxic apparatus to position an electrode or cannula in a specified position of the brain.
bregma
the junction of the sagittal and coronal sutures of the skull, often used as a reference point for stereotaxic brain surgery
Histological Techniques
anatomical techniques
- Perfuse (remove blood from brain)
- remove brain
- fix to solidify brain material (prevent autolysis)
- section brain into thin slices
- Use stains to highlight selective neural elements
scanning electron microscope
a microscope that provides 3-D info about the shape of the surface of a small object
Anterograde labeling method
tracing efferent axons
PHA-L
a protein derived from kidney beans and used as an retrograde tracer
- taken up by dendrites and cell bodies and carried to the ends of the axons
Immunocytochemical method
tracing efferent axons
a histological method that uses radioactive antibodies bound with a dye molecule to indicate the presence of particular proteins of peptides
retrograde labeling method
tracing afferent axons
a histological method that labels cell bodies that give rise to the terminal buttons that form synapses with cells in a particular region
fluorogold
a dye that serves as a retrograde label that is taken up by the terminal buttons and then carried back to the cell bodies
Pseudorabies virus (tracing afferent axons)
a weakened form of a pig virus; used for transneuronal tracing which labels a series of neurons that are interconnected synaptically
-permit anterograde and retrograde directions
experimental abalation
they destroy part of the brain (tissue) and evaluates the behavior of the animal
- lesions
soft spot on the head of a newborn baby at the junction of the coronal and sagittal sutures called the
fontanelle
bregma
formed once the fontanelle closes
histological methods
fixing, slicing and staining the brain
