chapter 4 Psychopharmacology

Question 1

pharmacokinetics

Answer 1

study of drug absorption, distribution within body, and elimination

Question 2

tolerance

Answer 2

drug effects diminish with repeated administration

Question 3

sensitization

Answer 3

drug effects increase with repeated administration

Question 4

agonist

Answer 4

inhibits post synaptic effects

binds to and activates receptors

Question 5

antagonist

Answer 5

block or inhibit post synaptic effects

-binds to but does not activate receptors

Question 6

indirect agonist

Answer 6

binds to alternative site, keeps channels open

Question 7

indirect antagonist

Answer 7

binds to alternative site, prevents ion channel from opening

Question 8

schedule I drugs

Answer 8

no current accepted medical use and a high potential for abuse

Question 9

schedule II drugs

Answer 9

a high potential for dug abuse, with use potentially leading to severe psychological or physical dependence

Question 10

schedule III

Answer 10

a moderate to low potential for physical and psychological dependence

Question 11

schedule IV

Answer 11

low potential for abuse and low risk of dependence

Question 12

acetylcholine

Answer 12

efferent axons

muscle movement

Question 13

Acetyl-CoA

Answer 13

cofactor that supplies acetate for the synthesis of acetylecholine

Question 14

Choline acetyltransferase

Answer 14

The enzyme that transfers the acetate ion from acetyl co enzyme A to choline, producing acetylcholine

Question 15

botulinum toxin

Answer 15

an acetylcholine antagonist; prevents release by terminal buttons

Question 16

neostigmine

Answer 16

a drug that inhibits the activity of acetylcholinesterase

Question 17

atropine

Answer 17

drug that blocks muscarinic acetylcholine receptors

Question 18

curare

Answer 18

a drug that blocks nicotine acetylcholine receptors and causes paralysis

Question 19

dopamine

Answer 19

neurotransmitter

• excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials
• roles in movement, attention, learning, reinforcing effects of abused drugs

Question 20

mesocortical systems

Answer 20

appears to influence formation of short-term memories, planning, and preparing strategies for problem solving

Question 21

serotonin

Answer 21

thought to play a role in regulation of mood, the control of eating, sleep, dreaming, and arousal
-thought to be involved in the regulation of pain

Question 22

most important inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain and spinal cord

Answer 22

GABA

Question 23

allyglycine

Answer 23

a drug that inhibits the activity of GAD and thus blocks the synthesis of GABA

Question 24

anxiolytic

Answer 24

an anxiety-reducing effect