Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ECU ARTIC/PHON exam 1 > chapter 5 > Flashcards

chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

What is Otitis Media with Effusion (OME) ?

Why is it dangerous to speech development? (2)

A

middle ear infection with fluid buildup

fluid blocks sound transmission and can cause temporary mild-moderate hearing loss

Frequent OME can lead to speech sound disorders due to the varying auditory input

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the biggest indicator that OME will cause SSD?

A

Acces to medical care

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

In Speech Sound Perception, what is the difference between General versus Phoneme-Specific Measures?

A

Most children who have speech sound perception problems, typically struggle to differentiate specific phonemes.

They don’t necessarily have difficulty with speech perception for all sounds.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

In Speech Sound Perception, what is the difference between External and Internal Monitoring?

Are either of these useful in therapy?

A

Internal: monitoring one’s own ongoing speech sound productions

External: is another person’s production of a sound is accurate

Research is unclear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

In Speech Sound Perception, what is the difference between Discrimination Training and Production Performance?

Are either of these useful in therapy?

A

Discrimination Training - Teaching a child to differentiate between sounds

Production Performance - Teaching a child to produce sounds

Providing both seems to have the greatest impact

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

In Speech Sound Perception, what is Self-Monitoring?

Is this useful in therapy?

A

Identifying one’s own errors

Research has varied in whether this influences treatment outcomes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Do SSD tend to stem from the inability to discriminate speech sounds?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How do structural variations of the Lips impact speech?

A

Rare - only with major variations

Ackerman syndrome, congenital double lip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How do structural variations of the Teeth impact speech?

2

A

Speakers with articulation errors more likely to have malocclusion than speakers with normal articulation

Usually not a significant factor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the difference between dental Occlusion and Malocclusion?

A

Occlusion (good) – first molars align when the jaws are closed

Malocclusion (bad) – imperfect/irregular position of the teeth when jaws are closed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How do structural variations of the Tongue impact speech?

2

A

Severe ankyloglossia (short frenulum) can be a factor but is RARE

Those with macroglossia or who have had partial glossectomy tend to be able to compensate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How do structural variations of the Hard Palate impact speech?

(3)

A

Usually able to be compensated for

Trouble when holes in the hard palate from cleft palate, surgical removal, etc.

Removal of the maxilla is a major problem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How does Oral Tactile Sensitivity affect SSD?

A

Oral sensory abilities tend to be lower in those who have articulation difficulties

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the trouble with Oral Anesthetization during assessment?

A

Intelligibility is typically maintained in adults with normal articulation skills, but with more misarticulations and slower speech rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is Oral Form Recognition?

Has this been proven as significant?

A

Placing various forms in the mouth and asking the participant to match the form that they feel in their mouths to drawings of the form.

Research is inconsistent on whether those with misarticulation difficulty or whether there was no relationship between those two factors.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is Oral Stereognosis?

A

Oral form identification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Does Oral Sensory Function aid Speech Sound Learning?

A

Some studies suggest that improving oral sensory awareness helps to improve articulation, but others do not support that idea.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Do children with speech sound disorders usually have a significant delay in general motor development?

A

No

19
Q

What are two Oral-Facial Motor Skills?

A

Count by time procedure

Time by count procedure

20
Q

What is Count By Time Procedure?

A

Counting the number of syllables spoken in a given interval of time

21
Q

What is Time By Count Procedure?

A

Noting the time required to produce a designated number of syllables

22
Q

Are Oral-Facial Motor Skills helpful in articulation therapy?

A

Unclear relationship between these skills and remedying SSD of unknown origin

23
Q

Do those with SSD perform more poorly on diadochokinesis (DDK) tasks than those without speech sound disorders?

Does this have a bearing on their impact on articulate sounds in context?

A

Yes

Not enough research

24
Q

What is Tongue Thrust?

2

A

A condition that involves the tongue having strong frontal or lateral contact with the teeth during swallowing

Can involve inadequate lip closure or incorrect resting posture of the tongue

25
Q

What is a Tongue Thrust Swallow?

A

Directionality of tongue activity in swallowing

26
Q

What is Habit Tongue Thrusting?

A

Occurs when no structural issues present

27
Q

What is Obligatory Tongue Thrusting?

A

Occurs when there is obstruction or abnormally enlarged structures that require thrusting in order for proper swallowing to occur

28
Q

How does Tongue Thrust impact
Articulation?

Dentition?

A

When at rest, can be associated with malocclusions and speech sound errors

Only typically impacts teeth and jaw structure when tongue has anterior resting position

29
Q

Can combining speech therapy and oral myofunctional therapy successfully lead to improved speech and fewer tongue thrusting behaviors?

A

Yes

30
Q

Does ASHA state that is within the SLP’s scope of practice to provide assessment and treatment of oral myofunctional disorders?

Can this be done alone?

A

Yes

No. SLPs should collaborate with other professionals (dentists, orthodontists, otolaryngologists, etc.)

31
Q

Is frontal lisp associated with tongue thrust, malocclusion, and sibilant distortions?

A

Yes

32
Q

What impact does Intelligence have on SSDs?

Is intelligence a good predictor for articulation?

A

ID individuals show typical patterns but a delay in speech sound development (more atypical in Down’s syndrome)

No

33
Q

What is the impact of Language Development on SSDs?

A

Language and phonology appear to have a complex, synergetic relationship

34
Q

What does research say is more important to impact: language or phonology?

A

Varied on which is more effective to treat

35
Q

What is top-down processing?

A

Evaluating language from higher-level linguistic functions down to syntax and speech sound production

36
Q

What is bottom-up processing?

A

Using feedback from speech production output to maintain higher-level linguistic functions

37
Q

How does Academic Performance affect SSDs?

2

A

Research suggests that there are links between speech sound disorders and other areas of development, such as reading and spelling.

Phonological awareness may be what influences later literacy skills.

38
Q

Articulation skills improve up to age _____. Afterwards, age is no longer a factor in speech sound development.

A

9

39
Q

How does gender affect SSDs?

2

A

Females develop sounds slightly more quickly than males, but the difference disappears with age.

Research shows that more males have speech sound disorders than females

40
Q

How does Socioeconomic Status Influences influence SSDs?

A

SES does not have a significant impact on the presence of speech sound disorders except in combination with other factors (such as the presence of otitis media with effusion).

41
Q

How does Familial Tendencies Influences influence SSDs? (2)

What familial connection shows the most correlation in articulation?

A

Research shows some familial links but hard to verify whether these differences occur because of genetic or environmental influences.

Home environment may be a factor

Monozygotic (identical) twins typically correlate the most with each other in articulation

(Further genetic research is being completed to evaluate if there are specific genes responsible for speech sound disorders.)

42
Q

How does Sibling Influences influence SSDs?

3

A

First born children and children with no siblings demonstrate slightly better articulation than younger siblings.

Bigger gaps in age difference leads to better articulation scores for the younger sibling.

Twins sometimes demonstrate unique patterns of sound production (idioglossia)

43
Q

Is there a significant relationship between personality and presence of speech sound disorders?

A

No but, studies have shown weak positive correlative links between a person’s sensitivity levels and the presence of SSD

44
Q

Has Pacifier Use been associated with SSDs?

A

Research has been inconclusive

ECU ARTIC/PHON exam 1 (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions