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SLP 200 > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Study of speech sounds production and the special that represent speech sounds

A

Phonetics

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2
Q

Specially devised signs and symbols designed to represent the individual speech sounds of all languages

A

International phonetic alphabet

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3
Q

Combination of two vowels in which one vowel glides continuously into the second vowel

A

Diphthong

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4
Q

Slight variation in the way different people produce individual phonemes

A

Allophone

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5
Q

Smallest individual differences required to differentiate one phoneme from another in a language

A

Distinctive feature

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6
Q

two sounds that differ only in voicing

A

Cognate

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7
Q

Location in the mouth where two articulators come together to produce specific sound

A

Place

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8
Q

Way in which the air stream is modified as a result of the interaction of the articulators

A

Manner

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9
Q

Sound formed by forcing the air stream through a narrow opening between articulators

A

Fricative

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10
Q

Fricative sound whose production is accompanied by a hissing sound

A

Sibilant

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11
Q

Referring to the two lips

A

Bilabial

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12
Q

Sound made by building up air pressure in the mouth and then suddenly releasing it

A

Stop

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13
Q

Type of consonant that has a gradual change in an articulator

A

Glide

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14
Q

Upper front teeth are in contact with the lower lip

A

Labiodental

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15
Q

Where the tongue tip placed lightly between the top and bottom front teeth

A

linguadental

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16
Q

Where the top center of the tongue is near the hard palate

A

Linguapalatal

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17
Q

Where the back of the tongue moves near the soft palate

A

Linguavelar

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18
Q

No known anatomical, physiological, or neurological basis

A

Functional

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19
Q

Has a known anatomical, physiological, or neurological basis

A

Organic

20
Q

Fold of mucous tissue connecting the floor of the mouth to the midline underside of the tongue

A

Frenum

21
Q

The time and process of giving birth or being born

A

Perinatal

22
Q

Inadequate oxygenation of the blood which leads to neurological damage in infants and newborns

A

Infantile hypoxia

23
Q

Complete lack of oxygen to the brain

A

Anoxia

24
Q

Referring to the likelihood that there are two or more causes of a disorder

A

Multifactoral

25
Q

Replacement of one standard speech sound

A

Substitution

26
Q

Absence of a speech sound where one should occur in a word

A

Omission

27
Q

Sound that does not have a phonetic symbol to represent the sound that is produced in place of the intended sound

A

Distortion

28
Q

Insertion of a sound or sounds not part of the word itself

A

Addition

29
Q

Sample of a child’s oral disclosure in conversation or while describing a picture

A

Spontaneous speech sample

30
Q

Evaluation of a child’s ability to mirror the sound a clinician makes

A

Stimulability

31
Q

Ability to distinguish sounds from one another

A

Auditory discrimination training

32
Q

Combination of input of sensations and output of motor activity

A

Sensorimotor

33
Q

Motor speech disorder in the absence of muscle weakness that affects planning, programming, sequencing, coordinating, and initiating motor movements of the articulators that interferes with articulation and prosody

A

Childhood apraxia of speech

34
Q

Disease or disorder with no known cause

A

Idiopathic

35
Q

Group of motor speech disorders caused by weakness or paralysis or incoordination of speech muscles as a result of CNS or PNS damage that affects respiration, phonation, resonation, articulation, and prosody

A

Dysarthria

36
Q

Weakness or absence of muscle tone or tension in a muscle or muscle group

A

Hypotonicity

37
Q

Excessive tone or tension in a muscle or muscle group

A

Hypertonicity

38
Q

Sounds articulated by stopping outgoing airstream or by creating a narrow opening using articulators

A

Consonant

39
Q

What are the 3 distinctive features of consonants?

A

Place, manner, voice

40
Q

Voiced speech sounds from unrestricted passage of airstream through mouth

A

Vowels

41
Q

Incorrect production of speech sound due to faulty placement, timing, direction, pressure, speed, integration of movments

A

Articulation disorder

42
Q

Errors of several phonemes that forms patterns or clusters; results in the child simplifying speech sounds and sound combinations

A

Phonological disorder

43
Q

What are the 4 types of articulation errors?

A

Subsitution, omission, distortion, addition

44
Q

What are the etiologies of phonological and articulation disorders?

A

Normal variation, environmental differences, physical impairments

45
Q

Most crucial factor in speech and language development

A

Hearing

SLP 200 (12 decks)

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