Chapter 12 Flashcards

1
Q

Any impairment affecting any of the 4 phases of swallowing

A

Dysphagia

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2
Q

What are the causes of dysphagia?

A

Stroke, TBI, cancer, side effects of medication

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3
Q

What are the 4 phases of swallowing?

A

Oral prep, Oral phase, pharyngeal phase, esophageal phase

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4
Q

Conscious awareness of bringing food and drink into the mouth; creating a bolus

A

Oral prep

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5
Q

Begins when chewing stops, tongue tip elevates and swings back

A

Oral phase

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6
Q

Phase where bolus is getting moved to the esophagus, peristalsis begins in pharynx

A

Pharyngeal phase

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7
Q

Bolus passes upper esophageal sphincter, sphincter closes and peristalsis pushes bolus down esophagus, lower esophageal sphincter opens briefly to allow bolus to stomach

A

Esophageal phase

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8
Q

What problems may someone have if they have dysphagia in the oral prep phase?

A

Weakness, decreased cognition

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9
Q

What problems may someone have if they have dysphagia in the oral phase?

A

Poor lip seal, premature spillage, lingual weakness

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10
Q

What problems may someone have if they have dysphagia in the pharyngeal phase?

A

delayed swallowing, weakness in vocal folds, larynx, soft palate

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11
Q

What problems may someone have if they have dysphagia in the esophageal phase?

A

upper and lower sphincter problems, slow or absent esophageal peristalsis

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12
Q

Video recording of movement of liquid from enter mouth to entering stomach

A

Modified barium swallow

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13
Q

Affects motor planning, programming, neuromuscular control, or execution of speech

A

Neurological impairment

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14
Q

Weakness in the muscles that control articulatory, resonator, phonatory, or respiratory systems

A

Dysarthria

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15
Q

What can cause dysarthria?

A

Stroke, TBI, degenerative disease, unknown cause

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16
Q

What determines the severity of dysarthria?

A

Site and size of lesions

17
Q

Gradual deterioration of nerve centers needed for fine motor control; results in stiff movements, tremors, speech and swallowing problems

A

Parkinson’s

18
Q

Autoimmune disease that results in the widespread muscle weakness causing drooping eyelids, double vision, speech and swallowing impairments

A

Myasthenia Gravis

19
Q

Loss of function to all skeletal muscle systems; degenerative disease of motor neurons

A

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Lou Gehrigs disease)

20
Q

Chronic damage to the myelin sheath in the CNS with unpredictable patterns of damage

A

Multiple Sclerosis

21
Q

Impaired ability to plan, sequence, coordinate, and initiate motor movements of articulators

A

Apraxia

22
Q

What causes apraxia?

A

Damage to the Broca’s