Chapter 11 Flashcards
What are some causes of neurological disorders in young adults?
TBI, toxins
What are some causes of neurological disorders in older adults?
Tumor, stroke, degenerative disease,
TBI caused by a blunt force; swelling of the brain
Closed head injury
TBI caused by penetration that goes through the skull
Open head injury
Stroke caused by a blocked artery
Occlusive (ischemic)
Stroke caused by a ruptured artery
Cerebral Hemorrhage
What determines the extent and nature of the brain damage?
Location and size of lesion
What are the symptoms of a stroke?
Balance, eyes, face, arms, speech, time
Condition that causes gradual deterioration of normal function
Degenerative disease
Language processing deficit that may affect all input and output modalities
Aphasia
Lesions near language areas of the left temporal lobes; causes word errors, syntactical errors, poor comprehension, but speaks normally
Fluent aphasia
Lesions near the Broca’s area that causes difficulties in initiating speech, maintaining a normal rate of speech, and speaking easily
Nonfluent aphasia
What are the 3 major types of aphasia?
Wernicke’s, Broca’s, global
What are the 2 main approaches of therapy for aphasia?
Restorative and compensatory
Improves underlying impaired processes
Restorative
Teaches strategies to cope with persistent language deficits
Compensatory
May not know what they want to say, able to move mouth easily
Expressive
Knows what to say but is not able to express it because of body movement difficulty
Motor speech
Subtle cognitive impairments that create visual spatial impairments, attention impairments
Right hemisphere syndrome
Lack of ability to name things
Anomia
Progressive brain disease that causes the deterioration of intellect, cognition, communication, and personality
Dementia
Cortical tissue loss and atrophy, causes deterioration of memory, intellect, communication, and orientation
Alzheimer’s
