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SLP 200 > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

The nearly constant internal monologue a person has with himself at a conscious or semi-conscious level that involves thinking in words

A

Inner speech

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2
Q

The production of oral language using phonemes for communication through the process of respiration, phonation, resonation, and articulation

A

Speech

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3
Q

A socially shared code or conventional system for representing concepts through the use of arbitrary symbols and rule-governed combinations of those symbols

A

Language

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4
Q

The movements of articulators for speech sound production that involves accuracy in placement, timing, direction of movement, and pressure of the articulators on one another

A

Articulation

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5
Q

The mandible, lips, tongue, soft palate

A

Articulators

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6
Q

A single vowel or a vowel and one or more consonants

A

Syllable

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7
Q

Speech sounds articulated by either stopping of the outgoing air stream or creating a narrow opening of resistance using the articulators

A

Consonant

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8
Q

Voice inflections used in a language such as stress, intensity, changes in pitch, duration of a sound, and rhythm that helps listeners understand the true intent of a message

A

Suprasegmentals

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9
Q

The scientific study of structure and function of language and the rules that govern language

A

Linguistics

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10
Q

Rules of putting sounds together

A

Phonology

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11
Q

Shortest unit of sound in a language that can be recognized as being distinct from other sounds in language

A

Phoneme

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12
Q

Voiced speech sounds from the unrestricted passage of the air stream through the mouth without audible stoppage or friction

A

Vowel

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13
Q

Rules of a language that govern the internal organization of words

A

Morphology

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14
Q

Smallest unit of language having distinct meaning (prefix, root word, suffix)

A

Morpheme

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15
Q

Rules that govern the ways which words combine to form phrases, causes, and sentences

A

Syntax

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16
Q

Rules of the use of morphology and syntax in a language

A

Grammar

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17
Q

Study of meaning in language conveyed by words, phrases, and sentences

A

Semantics

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18
Q

An expression in the usage of a language that is peculiar to itself either grammatically or in having a meaning that cannot be derived from the normal combination of words

A

Idiom

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19
Q

Estimated total number of individuals diagnosed with a particular disorder at a given time in a population

A

Prevalence

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20
Q

Rate at which a disorder appears in the normal population over a period

A

Incidence

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21
Q

Any deviation of speech outside the range of acceptable variation in a given environment

A

Speech disorder

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22
Q

Impairment of receptive and/or expressive linguistic symbols that affects comprehending what is said or verbally expressing wants, needs, thoughts, information, and feelings

A

Language disorder

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23
Q

Impairment of attention, perception, memory, reasoning, judgement, and/or problem solving

A

Cognitive disorder

24
Q

Disorder that is presented at birth

A

Congenital disorder

25
Q

Disorder that begins after an individual has developed normal communication abilities

A

Acquired disorder

26
Q

Acquired injury to the brain caused by an external force that results in partial or total functional disability, including physical, communication, cognitive, and psychosocial impairments

A

Traumatic brain injury

27
Q

The cause of an occurrence (medical problem that results in a disorder or disability)

A

Etiology

28
Q

Problem or impairment with no known anatomical, physiological, or neurological basis that may have behavioral or emotional causes or components

A

Functional disorder

29
Q

Problem or impairment with a known anatomical, physiological, or neurological basis

A

Organic disorder

30
Q

Incorrect production of speech sounds due to faulty placement, timing, direction, pressure, speed, or integration of the movements of the mandible, lips, tongue, or velum

A

Articulation disorder

31
Q

Errors of phonemes that form patterns in which a child simplifies individual sounds or sound combinations

A

Phonological disorder

32
Q

Impaired speech intelligibility that is caused by a neurological impairment that affects the motor movement planning or the strength of the articulators needed for rapid, complex movements in smooth, effortless speech

A

Motor speech disorder

33
Q

What a person understands of what is said

A

Receptive language

34
Q

The words, grammatical structures, and meanings that a person uses verbally

A

Expressive language

35
Q

Abnormal slowness in developing language skills that may result in incomplete language development

A

Language delay

36
Q

Variations in speech and language production that are the result of a person’s cultural, linguistic, and social environments

A

Language difference

37
Q

Impairment in language processing that may affect any or al l input modalities and any or all output modalities; damage to left hemisphere

A

Aphasia

38
Q

Repetition of sounds, syllables or words, prolongation of words, abnormal stoppages or silent blocks within or between words

A

Stuttering

39
Q

Speech that is abnormally fast with omission of sounds and syllables of words, abnormal patterns of pausing and phrasing, and often spoken in bursts that may be unintelligible

A

Cluttering

40
Q

Any deviation of loudness, pitch, or quality of voice that is outside the normal range of a person’s age, gender, or geographic cultural background

A

Voice disorder

41
Q

Voice that is sounding rough, raspy, and hoarse

A

Dysphonia

42
Q

Complete loss of voice

A

Aphonia

43
Q

Abnormal modification of the voice by passing through the nasal cavities; abnormal structure of function of hard and soft palate

A

Resonance disorder

44
Q

Voice directed into nasal cavities on oral sounds

A

Hypernasality

45
Q

Voice NOT directed into nasal cavities on oral sounds

A

Hyponasality

46
Q

Process of detecting, discriminating, and recognition of a stimulus

A

Perception

47
Q

Neurological disease that causes intellectual, cognitive, and personality deterioration that is more severe that what would occur through normal aging

A

Dementia

48
Q

Abnormal or reduced function in hearing resulting from an auditory disorder

A

Hearing impairment

49
Q

Reduction in hearing sensitivity because of a disorder of the outer or middle ear

A

Conductive hearing loss

50
Q

Reduction of hearing sensitivity produced by disorders of the cochlea and/or the auditory nerve fibers of the vestibulocochlear nerve

A

Sensorineural hearing loss

51
Q

What are the 5 parts of language?

A

phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, pragmatics

52
Q

What are the 9 divisions of speech and communication disorders?

A

Articulation, language, fluency, voice, resonance, literacy, cognition, hearing

53
Q

What are some causes of language disorders?

A

Hearing loss, TBI, autism, genetic disorders, intellectual disabilities

54
Q

Rules that govern the functional use of a language in social contexts

A

Pragmatics

55
Q

What are the three categories of speech disorders?

A

Motor speech, articulation, phonology

56
Q

What are the 5 parts of language

A

Morphology, phonology, syntax, semantics, pragmatics

57
Q

What 2 speech disorders are only shown in children?

A

Articulation and phonological

SLP 200 (12 decks)

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