Chapter 5 Flashcards
why might a female instructor be seen as a bad professor?
because she violates her gender stereotypes
what are gender stereotypes?
shared beliefs about the traits, qualities and tendencies associated with different sex categories
is it possible that we use gender stereotypes without knowing?
yas
what is a stereotype?
societies judgement on different groups of people
ex. the belief that “all grandmothers are sweet”
if you consider women to be bossy and men to be lazy is that a stereotype?
no because not many other people believe that
what is a generalization?
one of the defining features of stereotyping because a stereotype is basically a generalization about the members of a given social category
ex. automatically categorize people into social groups on the basis of appearance or other distinguishing features and then generalize
what are men stereotyped as?
strong and tall
messy
hardworking
interested in sports
what are women stereotyped as?
smily and expressive
concerned about their appearance
well suited to occupations in teaching and nursing
what are the 4 primary components of gender stereotypes?
trait dimensions
role behaviors
occupations
physical appearance
what are two trait dimensions that underlie a lot of gender stereotypes?
communion (warmth, kindness) –> considered feminine
agency (competence, assertiveness) –> considered masculine
what is the stereotype content model?
theory proposing that stereotypes about social groups fall in communion and agency dimensions and that groups may be seen as high or low on both dimensions
how do role behaviors and occupations relate to trait dimensions?
ex. role behaviours such as providing emotional support is associated with communion while being a leader is associated with a man
ex. occupations such as nursing is associated with communion (women) while firefighters are associated with agency (masculine)
are stereotypes around the world similar?
yes
women= nurturance, agreeableness and affection
men= adventurous, independent, dominant
what kinds of commercials are women in?
what about men?
women: beauty products, personal care products, toiletries and cleaning products
men: technical products and cars
what is the women are wonderful effect?
the tendency for people to view stereotypes about women more favorably than they view stereotypes about men and accordingly to view women very positively
what 3 main points do researchers argue about the women are wonderful effect?
- favorable stereotypes about women (warm, nurturing) only apply to women who conform to traditional gender role expectations (ex. womens rights activists arent viewed as warm)
- applies mostly to white, middle class women who fill traditional domestic roles (no job)
- being stereotyped positively does not offer women a route to social status and power
how do black, asian american and latinx people describe white women?
dumb, sexually easy, beautiful
what is the think manager think male effect?
an effect in which stereotypes of men and managers overlap more strongly than stereotypes of women and managers thus creating the ideology that agentic traits are better for manager positions
what shift has now occured with managers?
women managers are now seen more favorably than previously
male manager ratings stayed the same
why did the manager shift occur?
change in the beliefs about the traits of good managers (ppl are more sensitive now)
changes in the beliefs about the traits associated with women (ppl are more open to womens pov)
how can we decrease stereotyping?
when encountering individuals view them as belonging to more differentiated subgroups (ex. athletic female, hippie male)
ex. hippie men are viewed as higher in competence but lower in warmth than housewife women