Chapter 45 - Animal Reproductive System

Question 1

spermatogenesis

Answer 1

occur in seminiferous tubles (sertoli cell)

produce equal 4 gamates (sperm)

continous process

equal cytokinesis

-> primary spermatocyes (2n) →[meiosis 1]→ secondary spermatocyes (n) →[meiosis 2]→ 4 sperms

Question 2

oogenesis

Answer 2

• discontinous process (2 stops = after birth & after ovulation)
• unequal cytokinesis (make 1egg and 3polar cells)

mitosis -> primary oocyte (2n) -> [meiosis 1] -> secondary oocyte (n) -> [meiosis 2] -> 1 egg and 3 polar cells.

Question 3

male reproductive organ

Answer 3

• stcrotum
• testis

: sperm produce in ‘seminiferous tububle’.

• epididymus : store sperm.
• vas deferon : ejaculation duct.
• urethra : tube for ejaculation.
• 3 accesory glands

: Seminal vesicle, 60% of semen is produced.

Prostate gland, add Zn^2+.

Bulbourethral gland, produce corperis fluid.

Question 4

female reproductive organ

Answer 4

• oviduct (fallopian tube) : where fertilization take place.
• ovary : filled with follicles for oogenesis.
• uterus : where implantation take place.
• endometrium : innermost lining layer of uterus
• cervix : neck of uterus.
• vagina
• clitoris

Question 5

menstruation cycle (ovarian & uterian cycles)

Answer 5

• ovarian cycle
  (1) follicular phase (1~13): FSH lvlvrise, maturation of follicle.
  (2) ovulation (14) : LH surge, egg (oocyte) is release.
  (3) luteal phase (15~28): progasterone lvl rise, ready for implatation.
• uterian cycle
  (1) menstrual flow (1~5) : offing old endometrium.
  (2) proliferative phase (6~14) : esterogen lvl rise, making new endometrium.
  (3) secretory phase (15~28) : progesterone lvl rise, ready for implatation.

Question 6

differences of sexual reproduction & asexual reproduction

Answer 6

asexual reproduction :

• doesn’t require different sex for reproduction.
• use mitosis
• low genetic diversity

sexual reproduction :

• requires different sex for reproduction.
• use meiosis
• high genetic diversity (cross over during prophase 1, independent assortment during metaphase 1)

Question 7

parthenogenesis

Question 8

hermaphroditism