Chapter 4.1: Québec's Political Status Flashcards
How did PET try to get people to vote against separation during the 1980 referendum?
Promised changes to the Canadian Constitution, giving provinces more power; scaring QCers by saying Canada would refuse any economic agreement
How did the referendums in 1980 and 1995 turn out?
1980 (QC premier Levesque): 60% no 40% yes
1995 (QC premier Parizeau): 51% no 49% yes
Which PM got Queen Elizabeth to patriate the Constitution to Canada? When? How did this affect the provinces?
- Pierre Elliot Trudeau, allowed provinces each to make demands to alter it
Describe how relations between QC and the rest of Canada changed after the patriation of the Constitution?
All provinces signed it without QC consent, leading them to feel betrayed, making them then believe it did not apply to them.
How did the Constitution Act affect Quebec and Canada?
Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms established, taking precedence over QC’s charter, making them have less power over the language debate. 7/10 provinces needed to make constitutional changes.
What were the Meech Lake and Charlottetown Accords? How did they end?
Accords to reconcile with QC on the constitution, both fail Meech Lake (PM Mulroney): QC recognized as distinct nation, given veto power, more judges on Supreme Court Charlottetown: distinct society
What is the Clarity Act?
1998, referendums to be held in the future must have simple questions approved by Canada (QC promised economic ties to Canada when the country never agreed in the ‘95 ref.), winning side had to be more than 51%
Describe the Oka Crisis
1990, tensions between Mohawks and Canadian gov’t wanting to build a golf course on their territory/burial land; one SQ officer dies, military called in
What three agreements are signed between QC and Indigenous?
James Bay, Northern QC; Paix des Braves (Cree benefit off Hydro-QC dams being built along Rivière Rupert)
What is the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada?
2008, made to inform Canadians about the torture 15k Indigenous faced during res schools
What is neoliberalism?
Reduce gov’t funding and increase the private sector ($$$) so that people are more independent and less reliant on gov’t services
What is devitalization
Rural communities losing young people who move to the cities, aging population, high unemployment rate, loss of local services/stores
How does QC’s aging population affect the province?
More money needed for CHSLDs, health care for old people, meaning less funds for other things (education
How does QC actively try to reduce the affect of the aging population?
Increase births and immigration
How has gender equity and work life balance been achieved over the years in QC?
Introduction of parental leave (QPIP) CPEs created (initially 5$/day daycare)
