Chapter 1.5: Federal-Provinicial Relations

Question 1

List the federal gov’s jurisdictions

Answer 1

• Criminal law (justice system)
• Trade and transportation
• Currency (loans, bankruptcy, etc)
• Army
• Postal service and telecommunications
• Indigenous affairs
• Residuary powers (anything new to come)

Question 2

List the provincial gov’s jurisdictions

Answer 2

• Civil law (labour, family, consumer laws, etc)
• Public lands, natural ressources
• Health (hospitals, asylums, etc)
• Municipal institutions
• Education

Question 3

List the shared govs’ jurisdictions

Answer 3

• Agriculture

- Immigration

Question 4

How were taxes distributed fed vs prov? Why?

Answer 4

Fed can increase direct (income, property, licences, etc) and indirect (sales) tax, while prov can only collect from direct sources. Due to the fact the fed gov needed more money to pay for infrastructure.

Question 5

What was Mercier’s goal with the interprovincial conference?

Answer 5

Held in 1887 in Quebec City, he wanted more federal subsidies ($$) and for the fed gov to stop interfering with provincial affairs.

Question 6

What is the power of dissallowance? Who stopped it?

Answer 6

The fed gov could refuse provincial legislation. (MacDonald did so 29 times in 10 years). Ontario premier Mowat brought this to the Privy Council, who sided with him on provincial autonomy.

Question 7

Who was Louis Riel?

Answer 7

Metis leader of rebellions to stop Canadian gov from placing white colonizers in their land, demanding recognition for territorial, religious and linguistic rights.

Question 8

Name the Metis rebellions + their outcomes.

Answer 8

1) Fort Gary, 1869: Manitoba Act created

2) Batoche, 1885: Defeated, Riel sentenced to death for high treason, hanged on 16/11/1885.

Question 9

What was the Manitoba Act?

Answer 9

1870, 5th province on Metis land. Given a bilingual provincial parliament. Language/religion respected in Manitoban schools

Question 10

What destroyed Metis/Fed gov relations after the Manitoba Act?

Answer 10

Riel orders execution of white settler Thomas Scott, leading to armies occupying Manitoban territory, pushing them more towards Batoche (Saskatchewan) to colonize.

Question 11

What were the 2 provinces to join after Manitoba?

Answer 11

British Columbia, 1871, railway

PEI, 1873, railway + cover ferry costs

Question 12

What was happening to French Catholic schools outside QC?

Answer 12

1871, NB makes schools non-denominational
1873, PEI bans French schools
1890, Manitoba cuts French school funding