Chapter 4 - States of Consciousness

Question 1

you’re awareness of yourself and the world around you

Answer 1

Consciousness

Question 2

individuals actively focus their efforts on attaining a goal

Answer 2

Higher-Level Consciousness

Question 3

requires little attention (daydreaming)

Answer 3

Lower-Level Consciousness

Question 4

occurs when people are awake as well as sleeping and dreaming

Answer 4

Subconsciousness

Question 5

24 hour sleep cycle
- sleep/wake cycle, body temp, blood pressure, and sugar levels

Answer 5

Circadian Rhythms

Question 6

1. awake
2. stage 1 (light sleep, muscle activity slows, easily woken up)
3. stage 2 (breathing pattern and heart rate slow, slight decrease in body temp)
4. stage 3+4 (deep sleep, high peak waves, limited muscle activity, rhythmic breathing)
5. REM - rapid eye movement (brain waves speed up, dreaming occurs, muscles relax, heart rate increases and breathing is rapid)

Answer 6

Sleep Stages

Question 7

sleep stage that…
has light sleep, easily woken up, muscle activity slows

Answer 7

Stage 1

Question 8

sleep stage that…
heart rate and breathing pattern slows, body temp decreases

Answer 8

Stage 2

Question 9

sleep stage that…
has deep sleep, limited muscle activity, high peak waves, rhythmic breathing

Answer 9

Stage 3+4

Question 10

sleep stage that…
brain waves speed up, muscles relax, heart rate increases, dreaming occurs, breathing is rapid

Answer 10

Stage REM (Rapid Eye Movement)

Question 11

you aren’t getting the right number of hours of sleep
- trouble falling or staying asleep

Answer 11

Insomnia (Sleep Disorder)

Question 12

sleep through the night but not feeling rested
- throat relaxes while sleeping and tongue falls back which tells your brain you need more oxygen which causes snoring

Answer 12

Sleep Apnea (Sleep Disorder)

Question 13

someone going about their day normally and then falls in REM sleep
- eyes are closed, dreaming, paralyzed

Answer 13

Narcolepsy (Sleep Disorder)

Question 14

unconscious mind that stores all kinds of things you don’t want to admit/think to yourself or desires/impulses you don’t want to face so dreams allow you to do those things

Answer 14

Freud’s Theory of Dreaming

Question 15

what does your dream mean?
what do the actions/things in your dream symbolize that are issues for you?

Answer 15

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Question 16

idea that your dreams don’t mean anything and it’s random neural activity

Answer 16

Activation-Synthesis Hypothesis

Question 17

dreams are just another type of thinking

Answer 17

Cognitive Theory

Question 18

calm yourself and clear your mind (improves mental health)

Answer 18

Meditation

Question 19

• a person is awake moving into a sleep state which they then become completely paralyzed and loses sense of time, who you are, or what’s happening
• a lot of people feel intense feelings of fear and dread (laying on your back causes this)

Answer 19

Sleep Paralysis

Question 20

being in the moment (help reduce anxiety and improves mental health)

Answer 20

Mindfulness

Question 21

• relaxation
• good for anxiety
• can be used as pain management

Answer 21

Hypnosis

Question 22

taking in a substance and it affects you

Answer 22

Psychoactive Drugs

Question 23

type of psychoactive drug…
- slow motor movements (alcohol)
- depress your nerves

Answer 23

Depressant

Question 24

type of psychoactive drug…
- speeds up nervous system
- energy (caffeine)

Answer 24

Stimulants

Question 25

type of psychoactive drug…
- causes your sensory systems to produce things that aren’t there

Answer 25

Hallucinogens

Question 26

type of psychoactive drug…
- chemicals that mimic endorphins in our body
- artificial pain reliever and addictive

Answer 26

Opiates

Question 27

factors of taking psychoactive drugs

Answer 27

Tolerance, Withdrawal, Physical Dependence, Psychological Dependence

Question 28

plot of your dream

Answer 28

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