Chapter 4- Section 3&4 Quiz Flashcards
Parliament
Limited the power of kings and queens, preventing them from becoming absolute monarchs. (In England)
Elizabeth I
Had a good relationship with Parliament and called it into session several times during her reign.
James I
Began the Stuart dynasty in England.
Puritans
A sect within the Church of England that wanted to reform certain aspects that seemed too “Catholic”. They wanted to purify the Anglican Church.
Petition of Right
Signed by Charles I, this document limited the power of the monarchy.
English Civil War
A war between the king’s supporters and parliament forces caused by Charles I’s decision to arrest Puritan leaders in Parliament for treason.
Charles I
Was the first European monarch to be formally tried and executed by a court of law.
Oliver Cromwell
Became popular through his position as Commander-in-Chief of Parliament’s army during the English Civil War. Later, as Lord Protector of England, Cromwell clamped down on social life by closing theaters and limiting other forms of popular entertainment.
Commonwealth
A republican government based on the common good of all the people.
Glorious Revolution
Bloodless transfer of power from James II to William and Mary (James II oldest daughter) to prevent a Catholic monarch from occupying the throne. (Mary was chosen because she was a passionate Protestant).
Limited Constitutional Monarchy
A monarchy limited by law.
Boyars
Landowners who ruled Russia during the 1500s.
Czar
Russian term for Caesar or Emperor. The first Czar was Ivan IV “The Terrible”.
Peter I “The Great”
His greatest goal was to transform Russia into a modern state and bring western culture to his country. Established St. Petersburg as Russia’s warm water port.
Catherine II “The Great”
Became Russia’s Empress after seizing power from her husband Czar Peter III.
Thirty Years’ War
A religious war sparked by the H.R.E.’s attempt to shut down two Protestant churches. German states suffered especially horrible devastation. Ended with the signing of the Treaty of Westphalia.
Pragmatic Sanction
A document approved by Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI which allowed his daughter, Maria Theresa to take the empire at his death.
War of Austrian Succession
Caused by conflicts between the Austrian Hapsburg family and the German Hohenzollerns.
The Seven Years War
A global conflict that resulted in Prussia (Germany) emerging as the strongest military power in Europe.
