Chapter 4 Second Half Flashcards
Process by which certain animals form attachments during a critical period very early in life
Imprinting
An optimal period shortly after birth when an organisms exposure to certain stimuli or experiences produces proper development
Critical period
Sense that world is predictable and trustworthy; said to be formed during infancy by appropriate experiences with responsive caregivers
Basic Trust
Sense of ones identity and personal worth
Self-concept
Transition period from childhood to adulthood, extending from puberty to independence
Adolescence
Period of sexual maturation during which a person becomes capable of reproducing
Puberty
Body structures that make sexual reproduction possible
Primary Sex Traits
Non reproductive sexual characteristics
Secondary Sex Traits
Sought to describe the development of moral reasoning, posed moral dilemmas
Lawrence Kohlberg
Before age 9, most children have pre conventional morality of self interest: obey to avoid punishment or get rewards
Pre conventional morality
By early adolescence, morality usually evolves to a more conventional level that cares for others and upholds laws and social rules simply because they are laws and rules
Conventional morality
Affirms peoples agreed upon rights or follows what one personality perceives as basic ethical principles
Post conventional morality
First menstrual period
Menarche
Theorist that contended that each stage of life has it’s own psychological task, crisis that needs resolution
Erik Erikson
Ones sense of self
Identity
Ability to form closing, loving relationships; a primary development task in late adolescence and early adulthood
Intimacy
Time of natural cessation of menstruation; also refers to biological changes a woman experiences as her ability to reproduce declines
Menopause
Progressive and irreversible brain disorder characterized by gradual deterioration of memory, reasoning, language, physical functioning
Alzheimer’s disease
People of different ages are compared with one another
Cross-sectional study
People are restudied and retested over long period of time
Longitudinal study
Ones accumulated knowledge and verbal skills tend to increase with age
Crystallized Intelligence
Ones ability to reason speedily and abstractly; tends to decrease during late adulthood
Fluid Intelliegence
Culturally preferred timing of social events such as marriage, parenthood, retirement
Social clock
