Chapter 18 First Half Flashcards
Scientific study of how we think about, influence and relate to one another
Social Psychology
Suggests how we explain someones behavior– by crediting the situation or the persons dispostion
Attribution Theory
Tendency for observers when analyzing another’s behavior, to underestimate the impact of the situation and to overestimate the impact of personal dispostion
Fundamental Attribution Error
Feelings, often based on our beliefs, that predispose us to respond in a particular way to objects, people and events
Attitudes
Tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request
Foot-in-the-door-phenomenon
Toxic situation triggered degrading behaviors among those assigned to the guard rule, while the prisoners broke down mentally. Failed experiment
Philip Zimbardo- Stanford Prison Experiment
Theory that we act to reduce the discomfort we feel when two of our thoughts are inconsistent. When our attitudes and actions clash, we can reduce the resulting dissonance by changing our attitudes
Cognitive Dissonance Theory
Adjusting to ones behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard
Conformity
Set of simple question with clear cut answers.
Asch Conformity Experiment
Influence resulting from a persons desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval
Normative Social Influence
Influence resulting from ones willingness to accept others opinions about reality
Information Social Influence
2 college students participating in “teacher” and “student” roles where student is strapped to an electric chair and has to answer a series of questions where every incorrect answer results in a shock
Stanley Milgram’s Obedience Experiment
Stronger responses on simple or well learned tasks in he presence of others
Social Facilitation
Tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal then when individually accountable
Social Loafing
The loss of self awareness and self restraint occurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity
Deindividuation
Enhancement of a groups prevailing inclinations through discussion within a group
Group Polarization
Mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in a decision making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives
Groupthink
Unjustifiable attitude toward a group and its members. Involves stereotyped beliefs, negative feelings, and a predisposition to discriminatory actions
Prejudice
Generalized beliefs about a group of people
Stereotype
Unjustifiable negative behavior toward a group or its members
Discrimination
