Chapter 4: Plant Tissues Flashcards
1
Q
Tissues
A
groups of cells that perform a certain function
2
Q
Meristematic Tissues
A
- Majority of dividing cells
- Perpetually juvenile (stem cells)
- totipotent or pluripotent like stem cells
- Small, soft, thin-walled
- high active metabolically
- made of peranchyma cells
3
Q
Examples of totipotent or pluripotent
A
- Thornless blackberries formed by a mutation in the root
4
Q
Apical Meristems
A
- Tissues that are formed near the tip of shoot or root
- Present in seed
- Produce primary growth of primary tissues
- Produces leaves and buds
- Protoderm, Procambium, and Ground meristem
5
Q
Protocambian
A
Leaves islands of cells behind it in lines
6
Q
Ground Meristem
A
center of the root or shoot
7
Q
Lateral Meristems
A
- Growing out as secondary growth
- Two types
– Vascular Cambium
– Cork Cambium
8
Q
Vascular Cambium
A
- Meristem tissues left behind
- Outer layer of stems and roots.
- Woody tissue of the pant
9
Q
Cork Cambium
A
- Some cells start to mature but they go back to form the cork cambium
- Makes the bark
- Divides outwardly
- Gets shed off
10
Q
Parenchyma
A
- Common throughout the plant
- Thin - walled, spherical
- Oftern loosely grouped
- Vacuoles may store things
- Can divide
- Aerenchyma - filled with air
- Chlorenchyma
- Transfer Cells - specialized cells with irregular inner walls that secretes
11
Q
Collenchyma
A
- spherical or elongated living cells
- Primary cell walls thickened in corners
- tough but flexible
- provide suppport
Example: celery
12
Q
Sclerenchyma
A
- Thick, lignificad secondary walls
- Elongated cells
- usually dead when mature
- Protection and support
- Sclereids and fibers
- Scattered around in other tissues
- Gritty substance in a pear
- Contain sclerids
13
Q
Complex Tissues
A
- Xylem
- Phloem
- Epidermis
- Periderm
14
Q
Xylem types
A
Dead at maturity
Trachids
— Simple pits
— Bordered pits - limits the amount of fluid that gets through
Vessel Elements - transports liquid , has spiral thickening
Fibers
Ray Cells
15
Q
Phloem
A
Cells are alive, squishy inner bark
Moves glucose and hormones
Cell types:
- Sieve tube members - no nucleus, transport molecules
- Companion cells
- Fibers
- Rays
