Chapter 4: Person-Centered Evaluation Flashcards
How does the OTPF define evaluation?
Process of data gathering
Suggests that evaluation methods vary but include assessment tools that measure occupational performance via interviews, self-reports, and direct assessment of specific performance areas
What are the 2 key components of evaluation?
An occupational profile and an analysis of occupational performance
- The generation of an occupational profile begins when the practitioner initiates contact with the person to summarize the person’s occupational history.
How do you produce an analysis of occupational performance?
A practitioner may choose to employ a variety of assessment tools including but not limited to interviews, self-reports, and performance assessments. Consider safety and judgement!!!
What is the overall purpose of evaluation?
The overall purpose of evaluation is to generate the most complete and accurate understanding of an individual’s occupational profile and performance capabilities.
What is an assessment?
A tool that is designed to support the evaluation process through observation, inquiry, and measurement.
What is an outcome measurement?
A process designed to capture what resulted from OT intervention.
What factors influence the evaluation process?
Time constraints
Person’s occupational performance
Person’s priorities
Practice setting
Evaluation priorities
Stage in therapeutic process
Therapist’s training
Features of chosen assessment
Reliability and validity of assessment
Practice model
Cost of assessment
The process of evaluation can be considered both ____
an art and a science
Art and science are manifest in practitioners’ abilities to pick the right tool at the right time for the right reason based on their synthesis of what is known and unknown about the person they are working with. The consideration of multiple factors that are often changing is the primary reason the evaluation process does not always proceed in a clear linear fashion.
What questions should you ask yourself when choosing assessments?
Which tool?
Who was this tool designed for?
What is required of the person?
What am I measuring?
How long will it take to administer?
Is the tool associated with a practice model?
What are assessments?
Assessments are tools, and a critical step in the practitioner’s therapeutic reasoning is choosing the right tools—the right tool for the right reason at the right time.
What are the 3 elements that should be considered when selecting an assessment for an evaluation?
- Utility is a practitioner’s judgment as to whether a particular assessment tool is useful in a particular setting for a particular person and whether the practitioner has the skill sets to competently administer and interpret the results of the assessment.
- Validity ensures the assessment has demonstrated the ability to measure the desired construct.
- Reliability is crucial when choosing assessments because a practitioner wants to be confident that the tool selected is an accurate measure.
What is therapeutic reasoning?
Therapeutic reasoning highlights a person-centered approach derived from an interaction process between the practitioner and the person that is grounded in mutuality and collaboration. It emphasizes that therapeutic interactions are those that prioritize the person’s circumstances and wishes.
Therapeutic reasoning implies the practitioner’s intentional use of a model to guide decision-making and use theory to understand a client and to develop, implement, and monitor a plan.
What are the primary methods of data gathering in psychosocial practice settings?
Interviews: effective ways to gather data that help a practitioner generate an occupational profile and form a person’s self-perception of his or her occupational performance.
Self-report tools: the practitioner is providing a mechanism for the person to share data about his or her life circumstances, feelings, perspectives, attitudes, and beliefs about his or her performance or about aspects of the environmental contexts where he or she engages in occupation.
Performance assessments: can help practitioners to assess the frequency, strength, and pervasiveness of both problem and positive behaviors.
What are common characteristics of performance assessments?
They can be completed in natural or contrived environments.
They can be completed in a noninvasive manner.
Procedures for making observations and ratings are defined.
The rating scales offer quantifiable data that compliment other methods of data collection.
They guide therapeutic reasoning.
What is the typical pattern of steps an evaluation follows?
Screen data to guide therapeutic reasoning
Consider key outcomes
Choose assessments
Administer assessments
Generate an occupational profile
Analyze occupational performance
Synthesize data
Set goals
Reevaluate
Measure outcomes
