Chapter 4 part 2 Flashcards
involuntary muscles
aka smooth muscles are under control of the autonomic nervous system and are not under voluntary control
unstriated muscles
aka smooth muscles do not have the dark and light bands that produce the striped appearance seen in striated muscles
visceral muscles
aka smooth muscles found in hollow structures such as the digestive and urinary systems
visceral
relating to the internal organs
myocardial muscles
aka myocardium or cardiac muscle form the muscle walls of the heart
muscle innervation
stimulation of a muscle by an impulse transmitted by a motor nerve
neuromuscular
pertaining to the relationship between a nerve and a muscle
antagonistic
working in opposition to each other
contraction
tightening of a muscle causing it to be shorter and thicker and the center of the muscle to enlarge
relaxation
when a muscle returns to its original form; longer, thicker, no enlarged center
abduction
movement of a limb (arm or leg) away from the midline of the body
ab
away from
duct
to lead
ion
action
abductor
muscle that moves a body part away from the midline
adduction
movement of a limb (arm or leg) toward the midline of the body
ad
toward
adductor
muscle that moves a body part toward the midline
flexion
decreasing the angle between two bones by bending a limb at a joint
flexor muscle
bends a limb at a joint
extension
increasing the angle between two bones or the straightening out of a limb
ex
away from
tens
stretched out
ion
action
extensor muscle
straightens a limb at a joint
hyperextension
extreme overextension of a limb or body part beyond its normal limit
elevation
act of raising or lifting a body part
levator angulioris muscles
raise the corners of the mouth into a smile
levator
muscles that raise a body part
depression
act of lowering a body part
depressor angulioris
lowers the corners of the mouth into a frown
depressor muscle
lowers the body part
rotation
circular movement around an axis such as a shoulder joint
axis
imaginary line that runs lengthwise through the center of the body and rotation turns a bone on its own axis
circumduction
circular movement at the far end of a limb
rotator muscle
turns a body part on its axis
rotator cuff
group of muscles and their tendons that hold the head of the humerus securely in place as it rotates within the shoulder joint
supination
act of rotating the arm or the leg so that the palm of the hand or sole of the foot is turned forward or upward
