Chapter 4 part 2

Question 1

involuntary muscles

Answer 1

aka smooth muscles are under control of the autonomic nervous system and are not under voluntary control

Question 2

unstriated muscles

Answer 2

aka smooth muscles do not have the dark and light bands that produce the striped appearance seen in striated muscles

Question 3

visceral muscles

Answer 3

aka smooth muscles found in hollow structures such as the digestive and urinary systems

Question 4

visceral

Answer 4

relating to the internal organs

Question 5

myocardial muscles

Answer 5

aka myocardium or cardiac muscle form the muscle walls of the heart

Question 6

muscle innervation

Answer 6

stimulation of a muscle by an impulse transmitted by a motor nerve

Question 7

neuromuscular

Answer 7

pertaining to the relationship between a nerve and a muscle

Question 8

antagonistic

Answer 8

working in opposition to each other

Question 9

contraction

Answer 9

tightening of a muscle causing it to be shorter and thicker and the center of the muscle to enlarge

Question 10

relaxation

Answer 10

when a muscle returns to its original form; longer, thicker, no enlarged center

Question 11

abduction

Answer 11

movement of a limb (arm or leg) away from the midline of the body

Question 12

ab

Answer 12

away from

Question 13

duct

Answer 13

to lead

Question 14

ion

Answer 14

action

Question 15

abductor

Answer 15

muscle that moves a body part away from the midline

Question 16

adduction

Answer 16

movement of a limb (arm or leg) toward the midline of the body

Question 17

ad

Answer 17

toward

Question 18

adductor

Answer 18

muscle that moves a body part toward the midline

Question 19

flexion

Answer 19

decreasing the angle between two bones by bending a limb at a joint

Question 20

flexor muscle

Answer 20

bends a limb at a joint

Question 21

extension

Answer 21

increasing the angle between two bones or the straightening out of a limb

Question 22

ex

Answer 22

away from

Question 23

tens

Answer 23

stretched out

Question 24

ion

Answer 24

action

Question 25

extensor muscle

Answer 25

straightens a limb at a joint

Question 26

hyperextension

Answer 26

extreme overextension of a limb or body part beyond its normal limit

Question 27

elevation

Answer 27

act of raising or lifting a body part

Question 28

levator angulioris muscles

Answer 28

raise the corners of the mouth into a smile

Question 29

levator

Answer 29

muscles that raise a body part

Question 30

depression

Answer 30

act of lowering a body part

Question 31

depressor angulioris

Answer 31

lowers the corners of the mouth into a frown

Question 32

depressor muscle

Answer 32

lowers the body part

Question 33

rotation

Answer 33

circular movement around an axis such as a shoulder joint

Question 34

axis

Answer 34

imaginary line that runs lengthwise through the center of the body and rotation turns a bone on its own axis

Question 35

circumduction

Answer 35

circular movement at the far end of a limb

Question 36

rotator muscle

Answer 36

turns a body part on its axis

Question 37

rotator cuff

Answer 37

group of muscles and their tendons that hold the head of the humerus securely in place as it rotates within the shoulder joint

Question 38

supination

Answer 38

act of rotating the arm or the leg so that the palm of the hand or sole of the foot is turned forward or upward