Chapter 3 part 8

Question 1

osteopenia

Answer 1

thinner than average bone density

Question 2

compression fracture (caused by osteoporosis)

Answer 2

aka vertebral crush fracture occurs when the bone is pressed together on itself

Question 3

Colle’s fracture (caused by osteoporosis)

Answer 3

aka fractured wrist occurs at the lower end of the radius when someone tries to stop a fall with their hands

Question 4

osteoporotic hip fracture

Answer 4

aka broken hip caused by osteoporosis weakened bones

Question 5

fracture

Answer 5

broken bone

Question 6

closed fracture

Answer 6

aka simple fracture or complete fracture is where the bone is broken but there is no open wound in the skin

Question 7

open fracture

Answer 7

aka compound fracture is where the bone is broken and there is an open wound in the skin

Question 8

comminuted fracture

Answer 8

the bone is splintered or crushed

Question 9

greenstick fracture

Answer 9

aka incomplete fracture is one in which the bone is bent and only partially broken; primarily occurs in children

Question 10

oblique fracture

Answer 10

occurs at an angle across the bone

Question 11

pathologic fracture

Answer 11

occurs when a weakened bone breaks under normal strain by a disease process such as cancer or osteoporosis

Question 12

spiral fracture

Answer 12

fracture in which the bone has twisted apart

Question 13

stress fracture

Answer 13

overuse injury is a small crack in the bone that often develops from chronic, excessive impact like sports

Question 14

transverse fracture

Answer 14

occurs straight across the bone

Question 15

fat embolus

Answer 15

when a long bone is fractured and fat cells from yellow bone marrow are released into the blood

Question 16

embolus

Answer 16

any foreign matter circulating in the blood that can be lodged and block the blood vessel

Question 17

crepitation

Answer 17

aka crepitus is the grating sound heard when the ends of a broken bone move together; reflects any cracking sound or sensation in the body

Question 18

callus

Answer 18

forms a bulging deposit around the area of a broken bone or a thickening of the skin caused by repeated rubbing

Question 19

radiograph

Answer 19

aka x-ray is the use of x-radiation to visualize bone fractures and other abnormalities

Question 20

arthroscopy

Answer 20

visual examination of the internal structure of a joint

Question 21

bone marrow biopsy

Answer 21

diagnostic test that may be necessary after abnormal types or numbers of red or white blood cells are found in a complete blood count test

Question 22

bone marrow aspiration

Answer 22

use of a syringe to withdraw tissue from the red bone marrow

Question 23

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Answer 23

used to see the image of soft tissue structures not effective on hard structures such as bone

Question 24

bone density testing (BDT)

Answer 24

used to determine losses or changes in bone density

Question 25

ultrasonic bone density testing

Answer 25

screening test for conditions that cause the loss of bone mass using sound waves

Question 26

dual x-ray absorptiometry

Answer 26

low exposure radiographic measurement of the spine and hips to measure bone density

Question 27

bone marrow transplant

Answer 27

healthy bone marrow stem cells are transfused into the recipients blood, these cells migrate to the spongy bone where they multiply

Question 28

allogenic bone marrow transplant

Answer 28

use healthy bone marrow cells from a compatible donor

Question 29

allogenic

Answer 29

originating from another

Question 30

autologous bone marrow transplant

Answer 30

patient receives his or her bone marrow that were stored before the remaining bone marrow in the patients body is destroyed

Question 31

autologous

Answer 31

originating within an individual