Chapter 3 part 7

Question 1

Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 1

autoimmune disorder that affects children ages 16 years or younger with symptoms of stiffness, pain, joint swelling, skin rash, fever, slowed growth and fatigue

Question 2

herniated disk

Answer 2

aka slipped or ruptured disk is the breaking apart of an intervertebral disk that results in pressure on the spinal nerve roots

Question 3

Lumbago

Answer 3

aka low back pain is the pain of the lumbar region of the spine

Question 4

ago

Answer 4

diseased condition

Question 5

spondylolisthesis

Answer 5

forward slipping movement of the body of one of the lower lumbar vertebrae on the vertebra or sacrum below it

Question 6

listhesis

Answer 6

slipping

Question 7

spina bifida

Answer 7

congenital defect that occurs during early pregnancy when the spinal canal fails to close completely around the spinal cord to protect it

Question 8

Bifida

Answer 8

split

Question 9

kyphosis

Answer 9

aka humpback or dowager’s hump is an abnormal increase in the outward curvature of the thoracic spine as viewed from the side

Question 10

kyph

Answer 10

hump

Question 11

Lordosis

Answer 11

aka swayback is the abnormal increase in the foward curvature of the lumbar spine

Question 12

lord

Answer 12

bent backward

Question 13

scoliosis

Answer 13

abnormal lateral (sideways) curvature of the spine

Question 14

scoli

Answer 14

curved

Question 15

avascular necrosis

Answer 15

aka osteonecrosis is an area of bone death caused by insufficient blood flow most commonly occurs in the hip joint and often requires hip replacement

Question 16

craniostenosis

Answer 16

malformation of the skull due to a premature closure of the cranial sutures

Question 17

stenosis

Answer 17

abnormal narrowing

Question 18

osteitis or ostitis

Answer 18

inflammation of a bone

Question 19

osteomalacia

Answer 19

aka adult rickets is abnormal softening of bones in adults caused by a deficiency of vitamin d, calcium and or phosphate

Question 20

osteomyelitis

Answer 20

inflammation of the bone marrow and adjacent bone caused by a bacterial infection often comes from another part of the body and spreads to the bone via blood

Question 21

Paget’s disease

Answer 21

chronic bone disease characterized by the abnormal breakdown of bone followed by abnormal bone formation; no one knows the cause

Question 22

periostitis

Answer 22

inflammation of the periosteum; often associated with shin splints

Question 23

rickets

Answer 23

deficiency disease occurring in children from a deficiency in vitamin d, calcium and phosphorus

Question 24

short stature

Answer 24

aka dwarfism or little people is a condition resulting from the failure of the bones of the limbs to grow to an appropriate length compared to the size of the head and trunk

Question 25

talipes

Answer 25

aka clubfoot describes any congenital deformity of the foot involving the talus (ankle bones)

Question 26

primary bone cancer

Answer 26

relatively rare malignant tumor that originates in a bone

Question 27

Ewing’s sarcoma

Answer 27

tumor that occurs in the bones of the upper arm, legs, pelvis or rib and occurs btwn ages 10-20

Question 28

secondary bone cancer

Answer 28

tumors that have metastasized to bones from other organs such as breasts and lungs

Question 29

myeloma

Answer 29

type of cancer that occurs in blood-making cells found in the red bone marrow; causes pathologic fractures and is often fatal

Question 30

osteochondroma

Answer 30

benign bony projection covered with cartilage

Question 31

osteoporosis

Answer 31

marked loss of bone density and an increase in bone porosity that is frequently associated with aging

Question 32

por

Answer 32

small opening