Chapter 4 - Ishu Flashcards

1
Q

sit v.​

A

[int] to be in a particular place v.

Ex.: A large bus was sitting outside.
Ex.2: The pot was sitting in a pool of water.
Ex.3: I have an exercise bike just sitting at home not being used.
Ex.4: The jacket sat beautifully on her shoulders (= fitted well).
Ex.5: The box sat unopened on the shelf.

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2
Q

​[int] to be in a particular place v.

A

sit v.

Ex.: A large bus was sitting outside.
Ex.2: The pot was sitting in a pool of water.
Ex.3: I have an exercise bike just sitting at home not being used.
Ex.4: The jacket sat beautifully on her shoulders (= fitted well).
Ex.5: The box sat unopened on the shelf.

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3
Q

dig in v.

A

(informal) ​used to tell sb to start to eat v.

Ex.: Help yourselves, everybody! Dig in!

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4
Q

(informal) ​used to tell sb to start to eat v.

A

dig in v.

Ex.: Help yourselves, everybody! Dig in!

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5
Q

train v.

A

[trans] to aim a gun, camera, light, etc. at/on sb/st v.

Ex.: He carefully trained his gun on the suspect.

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6
Q

[trans] to aim a gun, camera, light, etc. at/on sb/st v.

A

train v.

Ex.: He carefully trained his gun on the suspect.

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7
Q

dig out v.

A

​to remove sb/st from somewhere by digging the ground around them or it v.

Ex.: More than a dozen people were dug out of the avalanche alive.

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8
Q

​to remove sb/st from somewhere by digging the ground around them or it v.

A

dig out v.

Ex.: More than a dozen people were dug out of the avalanche alive.

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9
Q

manage v. /ˈmænɪdʒ/

A

[trans, int] to control or be in charge of a business, a team, an organization, land, etc. v.

Ex.: to manage a business/factory/bank/hotel/soccer team
Ex.2: to manage a department/project
Ex.3: I think that Forestry Tasmania manages the forest.
Ex.4: The units in some areas are poorly maintained and badly managed.
Ex.5: We need people who are good at managing.

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10
Q

[trans, int] to control or be in charge of a business, a team, an organization, land, etc. v.

A

manage v. /ˈmænɪdʒ/

Ex.: to manage a business/factory/bank/hotel/soccer team
Ex.2: to manage a department/project
Ex.3: I think that Forestry Tasmania manages the forest.
Ex.4: The units in some areas are poorly maintained and badly managed.
Ex.5: We need people who are good at managing.

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11
Q

shed tears v.

A

(formal or literary) to cry v.

Ex.: She shed no tears when she heard he was dead.

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12
Q

(formal or literary) to cry v.

A

shed tears v.

Ex.: She shed no tears when she heard he was dead.

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13
Q

take a heavy toll (on sb/st); take its toll (on sb/st) i.

A

​to have a bad effect on sb/st; to cause a lot of damage, deaths, pain, etc. i.

Ex.: Illness had taken a heavy toll on her.
Ex.2: The recession is taking its toll on the housing markets.
Ex.3: The pressure of fame can take a terrible toll.

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14
Q

​to have a bad effect on sb/st; to cause a lot of damage, deaths, pain, etc. i. /təʊl/

A

take a heavy toll (on sb/st); take its toll (on sb/st) i. /təʊl/

Ex.: Illness had taken a heavy toll on her.
Ex.2: The recession is taking its toll on the housing markets.
Ex.3: The pressure of fame can take a terrible toll.

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15
Q

pang n. /pæŋ/

A

​a sudden strong feeling of physical or emotional pain n.

Ex.: hunger pangs/pangs of hunger
Ex.2: a sudden pang of jealousy
Ex.3: She looked at Susan and saw with a pang how tired and frail she seemed.

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16
Q

​a sudden strong feeling of physical or emotional pain n.

A

pang n. /pæŋ/

Ex.: hunger pangs/pangs of hunger
Ex.2: a sudden pang of jealousy
Ex.3: She looked at Susan and saw with a pang how tired and frail she seemed.

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17
Q

pull together v.

A

to manage with difficulty to collect enough money, information, etc. to produce a result v.

Ex.: If you can pull together sufficient funding, we are prepared to approve the project.
Ex.2: They somehow managed to pull together a plan of action.

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18
Q

to manage with difficulty to collect enough money, information, etc. to produce a result v.

A

pull together v.

Ex.: If you can pull together sufficient funding, we are prepared to approve the project.
Ex.2: They somehow managed to pull together a plan of action.

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19
Q

scrape v.

A

​[trans, int] to manage to win or to get st with difficulty v.

Ex.: The team scraped a narrow victory last year.
Ex.2: (Br.) I just scraped a pass in the exam.
Ex.3: They scraped a living by playing music on the streets.
Ex.4: The government scraped home (= just won) by three votes.

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20
Q

​[trans, int] to manage to win or to get st with difficulty v.

A

scrape v.

Ex.: The team scraped a narrow victory last year.
Ex.2: (Br.) I just scraped a pass in the exam.
Ex.3: They scraped a living by playing music on the streets.
Ex.4: The government scraped home (= just won) by three votes.

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21
Q

(Am.) grocery store (Br.) grocery shop n.

A

[count] a shop that sells food and other things used in the home. In American English it is often used to mean ‘supermarket’ n.

Ex.: the corner grocery store

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22
Q

[count] a shop that sells food and other things used in the home. In American English it is often used to mean ‘supermarket’ n.

A

(Am.) grocery store (Br.) grocery shop n.

Ex.: the corner grocery store

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23
Q

take off v.

A

​to have a period of time as a break from work v.

Ex.: I’ve decided to take a few days off next week.

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24
Q

​to have a period of time as a break from work v.

A

take off v.

Ex.: I’ve decided to take a few days off next week.

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25
Q

commitment n.

A

[count, unc] a promise to do st or to behave in a particular way; a promise to support sb/st; the fact of committing yourself / promessa, comprometimento n.

Ex.: I’m not ready to make a long-term commitment.
Ex.2: They have failed to honour their commitments.
Ex.3: The company has shown a commitment to diversity over the years.
Ex.4: He questioned the government’s commitment to public services.
Ex.5: We’re looking for a firm commitment from both sides.
Ex.6: This project demonstrates our commitment to improving the quality of the city’s green spaces.
Ex.7: They reaffirmed their commitment to work for peace.
Ex.8: Australia is determined to meet its commitments under the agreement.

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26
Q

[count, unc] a promise to do st or to behave in a particular way; a promise to support sb/st; the fact of committing yourself / promessa, comprometimento n.

A

commitment n.

Ex.: I’m not ready to make a long-term commitment.
Ex.2: They have failed to honour their commitments.
Ex.3: The company has shown a commitment to diversity over the years.
Ex.4: He questioned the government’s commitment to public services.
Ex.5: We’re looking for a firm commitment from both sides.
Ex.6: This project demonstrates our commitment to improving the quality of the city’s green spaces.
Ex.7: They reaffirmed their commitment to work for peace.
Ex.8: Australia is determined to meet its commitments under the agreement.

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27
Q

whine n.

A

a long, high sound that a child or dog makes when it is hurt or wants st / lamento, choro n.

Ex.: Her voice took on a nasal whine of complaint.

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28
Q

a long, high sound that a child or dog makes when it is hurt or wants st / lamento, choro n.

A

whine n.

Ex.: Her voice took on a nasal whine of complaint.

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29
Q

demand v.

A

to ask a question in an angry or aggressive way v.

Ex.: ‘Who the hell are you?’ he demanded angrily.

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30
Q

to ask a question in an angry or aggressive way v.

A

demand v.

Ex.: ‘Who the hell are you?’ he demanded angrily.

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31
Q

wear v.

A

[trans] to have a particular expression on your face v.

Ex.: He wore a puzzled look on his face.
Ex.2: His face wore a puzzled look.
Ex.3: Both men wore confident smiles.
Ex.4: She turned to us, wearing a blank expression.

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32
Q

[trans] to have a particular expression on your face v.

A

wear v.

Ex.: He wore a puzzled look on his face.
Ex.2: His face wore a puzzled look.
Ex.3: Both men wore confident smiles.
Ex.4: She turned to us, wearing a blank expression.

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33
Q

disgust n.

A

[unc] ​a strong feeling of dislike for sb/st that you feel is unacceptable, or for st that looks, smells, etc. unpleasant n.

Ex.: The idea fills me with disgust.
Ex.2: I can only feel disgust for these criminals.
Ex.3: She expressed her disgust with/at the programme in a tweet.
Ex.4: He walked away in disgust.
Ex.5: She wrinkled her nose in disgust at the smell.
Ex.6: He regarded the cubes of fat with disgust.
Ex.7: Much to my disgust, they refused to help.

34
Q

[unc] ​a strong feeling of dislike for sb/st that you feel is unacceptable, or for st that looks, smells, etc. unpleasant n.

A

disgust n.

Ex.: The idea fills me with disgust.
Ex.2: I can only feel disgust for these criminals.
Ex.3: She expressed her disgust with/at the programme in a tweet.
Ex.4: He walked away in disgust.
Ex.5: She wrinkled her nose in disgust at the smell.
Ex.6: He regarded the cubes of fat with disgust.
Ex.7: Much to my disgust, they refused to help.

35
Q

prospects n.

A

[plural] the chances of being successful n.

Ex.: good job/employment/career prospects
Ex.2: industries with excellent growth prospects
Ex.3: At 25 he was an unemployed musician with no prospects.
Ex.4: Long-term prospects for the economy have improved.
Ex.5: The war undermines future prospects for economic growth.
Ex.6: Their prospects of success are slight.
Ex.7: What are the prospects of promotion in this job?
Ex.8: We are highly optimistic about the future prospects of the company.

36
Q

[plural] the chances of being successful n.

A

prospects n.

Ex.: good job/employment/career prospects
Ex.2: industries with excellent growth prospects
Ex.3: At 25 he was an unemployed musician with no prospects.
Ex.4: Long-term prospects for the economy have improved.
Ex.5: The war undermines future prospects for economic growth.
Ex.6: Their prospects of success are slight.
Ex.7: What are the prospects of promotion in this job?
Ex.8: We are highly optimistic about the future prospects of the company.

37
Q

trail away/off v.

A

​(of sb’s speech) to become gradually quieter and then stop v.

Ex.: His voice trailed away to nothing.
Ex.2: ‘I only hope…’, she trailed off.

38
Q

​(of sb’s speech) to become gradually quieter and then stop v.

A

trail away/off v.

Ex.: His voice trailed away to nothing.
Ex.2: ‘I only hope…’, she trailed off.

39
Q

scrape v.

A

[int, trans] to make an unpleasant noise by rubbing against a hard surface; to make st do this v.

Ex.: I could hear his pen scraping across the paper.
Ex.2: Bushes scraped against the car windows.
Ex.3: We could hear her scraping away at the violin.
Ex.4: Don’t scrape your chairs on the floor.
Ex.5: Patrick lifted the gate to prevent it from scraping along the ground.

40
Q

[int, trans] to make an unpleasant noise by rubbing against a hard surface; to make st do this v.

A

scrape v.

Ex.: I could hear his pen scraping across the paper.
Ex.2: Bushes scraped against the car windows.
Ex.3: We could hear her scraping away at the violin.
Ex.4: Don’t scrape your chairs on the floor.
Ex.5: Patrick lifted the gate to prevent it from scraping along the ground.

41
Q

tile n. /taɪl/

A

​a flat, usually square, piece of baked clay, carpet or other material that is used in rows for covering walls and floors / azulejo n.

Ex.: ceramic floor tiles
Ex.2: carpet tiles

42
Q

​a flat, usually square, piece of baked clay, carpet or other material that is used in rows for covering walls and floors / azulejo n.

A

tile n. /taɪl/

Ex.: ceramic floor tiles
Ex.2: carpet tiles

43
Q

storm v.

A

​[int] to go somewhere quickly and in an angry, noisy way v.

Ex.: She stormed into my office waving a newspaper.
Ex.2: He burst into tears and stormed off.

44
Q

​[int] to go somewhere quickly and in an angry, noisy way v.

A

storm v.

Ex.: She stormed into my office waving a newspaper.
Ex.2: He burst into tears and stormed off.

45
Q

foolish a.

A

​not showing good sense or judgement; silly, stupid a.

Ex.: There are some very foolish people out there.
Ex.2: I was foolish enough to believe what Jeff told me.
Ex.3: The accident was my fault—it would be foolish to pretend otherwise.
Ex.4: How could she have been so foolish as to fall in love with him?
Ex.5: a foolish idea/dream/mistake
Ex.6: It was a very foolish thing to do.

46
Q

​not showing good sense or judgement; silly, stupid a.

A

foolish a.

Ex.: There are some very foolish people out there.
Ex.2: I was foolish enough to believe what Jeff told me.
Ex.3: The accident was my fault—it would be foolish to pretend otherwise.
Ex.4: How could she have been so foolish as to fall in love with him?
Ex.5: a foolish idea/dream/mistake
Ex.6: It was a very foolish thing to do.

47
Q

come around (to st) v.

A

​to change your mood or your opinion v.

Ex.: He’ll never come around to my way of thinking.

48
Q

​to change your mood or your opinion v.

A

come around (to st) v.

Ex.: He’ll never come around to my way of thinking.

49
Q

soothing a. /ˈsuːðɪŋ/

A

​that makes sb who is anxious, upset, etc. feel calmer / relaxante, tranquilizador, reconfortante a.

Ex.: a soothing voice

50
Q

​that makes sb who is anxious, upset, etc. feel calmer / relaxante, tranquilizador, reconfortante a.

A

soothing a. /ˈsuːðɪŋ/

Ex.: a soothing voice

51
Q

be beyond sb i.

A

​(informal) to be impossible for sb to imagine, understand or do i.

Ex.: It’s beyond me why she wants to marry Jeff.

52
Q

​(informal) to be impossible for sb to imagine, understand or do i.

A

be beyond sb i.

Ex.: It’s beyond me why she wants to marry Jeff.

53
Q

plead v. /pliːd/

A

​[int, trans] to ask sb for st in a very strong and serious way; beg v.

Ex.: She pleaded with him not to go.
Ex.2: I was forced to plead with him for my child’s life.
Ex.3: pleading eyes
Ex.4: He pleaded to be allowed to see his mother one more time.
Ex.5: ‘Do something!’ she pleaded.

54
Q

​[int, trans] to ask sb for st in a very strong and serious way; beg v.

A

plead v. /pliːd/

Ex.: She pleaded with him not to go.
Ex.2: I was forced to plead with him for my child’s life.
Ex.3: pleading eyes
Ex.4: He pleaded to be allowed to see his mother one more time.
Ex.5: ‘Do something!’ she pleaded.

55
Q

half-heartedly ad.

A

​without enthusiasm or effort ad.

Ex.: I half-heartedly joined a gym to get fit.

56
Q

​without enthusiasm or effort ad.

A

half-heartedly ad.

Ex.: I half-heartedly joined a gym to get fit.

57
Q

ajar a. /əˈdʒɑːr/

A

[NBN] ​(of a door) slightly open a.

Ex.: I’ll leave the door ajar.
Ex.2: The office door stood ajar.

58
Q

[NBN] ​(of a door) slightly open a.

A

ajar a. /əˈdʒɑːr/

Ex.: I’ll leave the door ajar.
Ex.2: The office door stood ajar.

59
Q

persuasive pron.

A

/pərˈsweɪsɪv/

60
Q

(esp. Am.) one-on-one
(esp. Br.) one-to-one a.

A

[UBN] ​between two people only / a sós a.

Ex.: a one-to-one meeting
Ex.2: Teachers do not have much time for one-on-one contact with their students.

61
Q

[UBN] ​between two people only / a sós a.

A

(esp. Am.) one-on-one
(esp. Br.) one-to-one a.

Ex.: a one-to-one meeting
Ex.2: Teachers do not have much time for one-on-one contact with their students.

62
Q

be/get caught up in st v.

A

​to become involved in st, especially when you do not want to be v.

Ex.: Innocent passers-by got caught up in the riots.

63
Q

​to become involved in st, especially when you do not want to be v.

A

be/get caught up in st v.

Ex.: Innocent passers-by got caught up in the riots.

64
Q

finality n. /faɪˈnæləti/

A

[unc, singular] the fact of being final and impossible to change; st that is final and impossible to change n.

Ex.: the finality of death
Ex.2: There was a note of finality in his voice.
Ex.3: ‘No’, she said with finality.
Ex.4: Death is the ultimate finality.

65
Q

[unc, singular] the fact of being final and impossible to change; st that is final and impossible to change n.

A

finality n. /faɪˈnæləti/

Ex.: the finality of death
Ex.2: There was a note of finality in his voice.
Ex.3: ‘No’, she said with finality.
Ex.4: Death is the ultimate finality.

66
Q

contagious pron.

A

/kənˈteɪdʒəs/

67
Q

be on track i.

A

​to be doing the right thing in order to achieve a particular result i.

Ex.: Curtis is on track for the gold medal.

68
Q

​to be doing the right thing in order to achieve a particular result i.

A

be on track i.

Ex.: Curtis is on track for the gold medal.

69
Q

figure v.

A

​[trans] (informal) to think or decide that st will happen or is true v.

Ex.: I figured (that) if I took the night train, I could be in Scotland by morning.
Ex.2: We figured the sensible thing to do was to wait.
Ex.3: That’s what I figured.
Ex.4: He tried to figure why she had come.
Ex.5: Gary had figured Pete for a carpenter or some other construction worker.

70
Q

​[trans] (informal) to think or decide that st will happen or is true v.

A

figure v.

Ex.: I figured (that) if I took the night train, I could be in Scotland by morning.
Ex.2: We figured the sensible thing to do was to wait.
Ex.3: That’s what I figured.
Ex.4: He tried to figure why she had come.
Ex.5: Gary had figured Pete for a carpenter or some other construction worker.

71
Q

set v.

A

[trans] to put sb/st in a particular place or position v.

Ex.: She set a tray down on the table.
Ex.2: They ate everything that was set in front of them.
Ex.3: When she fell he picked her up and set her on her feet again.

72
Q

[trans] to put sb/st in a particular place or position v.

A

set v.

Ex.: She set a tray down on the table.
Ex.2: They ate everything that was set in front of them.
Ex.3: When she fell he picked her up and set her on her feet again.

73
Q

slump v.

A

[int] to sit or fall down heavily v.

Ex.: Exhausted, he slumped down in his chair.
Ex.2: She slumped to her knees.

74
Q

[int] to sit or fall down heavily v.

A

slump v.

Ex.: Exhausted, he slumped down in his chair.
Ex.2: She slumped to her knees.

75
Q

screw-up n.

A

(slang) an occasion when you do st badly or fail at st. A person who does this n.

76
Q

(slang) an occasion when you do st badly or fail at st. A person who does this n.

A

screw-up n.

77
Q

shot n.

A

[count, usually singular (informal) the act of trying to do or achieve st / tentativa n.

Ex.: The team are looking good for a shot at the title.
Ex.2: I’ve never produced a play before but I’ll have a shot at it.
Ex.3: I’m willing to give it a shot.
Ex.4: Just give it your best shot (= try as hard as you can) and you’ll be fine.

78
Q

[count, usually singular (informal) the act of trying to do or achieve st / tentativa n.

A

shot n.

Ex.: The team are looking good for a shot at the title.
Ex.2: I’ve never produced a play before but I’ll have a shot at it.
Ex.3: I’m willing to give it a shot.
Ex.4: Just give it your best shot (= try as hard as you can) and you’ll be fine.

79
Q

figure out v.

A

to think about sb/st until you understand them/it v.

Ex.: We couldn’t figure her out.
Ex.2: I’m trying to figure out a way to make this work.
Ex.3: I can’t figure out how to do this.

80
Q

to think about sb/st until you understand them/it v.

A

figure out v.

Ex.: We couldn’t figure her out.
Ex.2: I’m trying to figure out a way to make this work.
Ex.3: I can’t figure out how to do this.