Chapter 4 - Digestion & Enzymes

Question 1

What is the function of the digestive system?

Answer 1

The function of the digestive system is to break food into smaller molecules so it can pass into our blood

Question 2

What are the five stages in feeding?

Answer 2

1. Food is taken into the mouth
2. Food is digested and passed into the bloodstream
3. Food is carried to cells all over the body
4. Food is used by body
5. Waste food is released from body

Question 3

What is the function of the mouth?

Answer 3

Take in and digest food.

Question 4

What is the function of teeth?

Answer 4

Physically break down food

Question 5

What is an enzyme?

Answer 5

A protein that speeds up a reaction without being used up in the reaction

Question 6

What enzyme is found in the mouth?

Answer 6

Amylase

Question 7

The enzyme _______ breaks down ______ into a ______ _____ called _______

Answer 7

The enzyme amylase breaks down starch into a simple sugar called maltose

Question 8

What are the four types of teeth?

Answer 8

1. Incisors
2. Canines
3. Premolars
4. Molars

Question 9

What is the function of the incisors?

Answer 9

They cut and slice food

Question 10

What is the function of the canines?

Answer 10

They grip and tear food

Question 11

What is the function of the premolars?

Answer 11

They crush, chew and grind food

Question 12

What is the function of the molars?

Answer 12

They crush, chew and grind food

Question 13

What is the function of the oesophagus?

Answer 13

It is the tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach

Question 14

What is peristalsis?

Answer 14

It is the wave of muscular contractions used by the oesophagus to move food from the mouth to the stomach

Question 15

What is the stomach?

Answer 15

A muscular bag that stores food and mixes it with digestive juices

Question 16

What is the small intestine and what is its function?

Answer 16

It is a tube where digested food is absorbed into the blood. It also produces many more enzymes that complete the breakdown of food

Question 17

What is the function of the liver?

Answer 17

Produces bile, a liquid which helps to digest fat in the small intestine

Question 18

What is the function of the pancreas?

Answer 18

Produces enzymes which help to digest food in the small intestine

Question 19

What is the function of the large intestine?

Answer 19

Passes water back into the bloodstream leaving solid waste

Question 20

What is the function of the rectum?

Answer 20

Stores faeces

Question 21

What is the function of the anus?

Answer 21

It is where faeces exit the body-> egestion

Question 22

What is egestion?

Answer 22

When faeces exit the body

Question 23

What are enzymes used for?

Answer 23

• Breakdown of food in the digestive system
• Speeding up reactions such as:
  
  • growth of muscles
  • growth of hair
  • formation of blood cells
  • breakdown of poisonous substances in the liver

Question 24

Product

Answer 24

The substance produced as a result of the action of an enzyme

Question 25

Substrate

Answer 25

The substance that the enzyme acts on

Question 26

Digestion

Answer 26

The breakdown of food

Question 27

Why is digestion necessary?

Answer 27

• Make food soluble
• Food can enter bloodstream
• To obtain nutrients