Chapter 21 - The Atom Flashcards
Name the three sub-atomic particles of an atom
✏️ Protons
✏️ Neutrons
✏️ Electrons
Describe the nucleus of an atom
Made of protons and neutrons; almost the total mass of the atom is concentrated here
Describe the electrons of an atom
They move around the nucleus in paths called orbit or shells
Give the mass, charge and location of a proton
Mass = 1 unit Charge = +1 Location = Nucleus
Give the mass, charge and location of a neutron
Mass = 1 unit Charge = None Location = Nucleus
Give the mass, charge and location of an electron
Mass = Negligible Charge = –1 Location = Orbiting the nucleus
Approximately how many electrons to take to equal one proton?
1840 electrons
What is the atomic number of an element?
The number of protons in an atom of that element
What is the mass number of an element?
The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom of that element
How do you find out how many neutrons are in an atom?
The mass number – the atomic number = the number of neutrons
List the first 20 elements on the periodic table
Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicone Phosphorus Sulphur Chlorine Argon Potassium Calcium
What are isotopes?
Isotopes are atoms of the same element which have different numbers of neutrons
What is an atom?
To smallest part of an element which still has the properties of that element
