Chapter 11 - Genetics

Question 1

Define genetics

Answer 1

The study of how traits or characteristics are inherited

Question 2

Name three characteristics that all humans have in common

Answer 2

• One nose
• Two eyes
• Fingernails

Question 3

What characteristics may humans vary in? (3)

Answer 3

• Height
• Eye colour
• Accent

Question 4

What are inherited characteristics?

Answer 4

Inherited characteristics are controlled by genes and are passed on from parents to their children

Question 5

Give 5 examples of inherited characteristics

Answer 5

• Height
• Eye colour
• Length of eyelashes
• Shape of face
• Ability to produce substances such as saliva, tears and enzymes

Question 6

What are non-inherited characteristics?

Answer 6

Non-inherited characteristics are not controlled by genes but are learned or acquired during life

Question 7

Give 4 examples of non-inherited characteristics

Answer 7

• Reading
• Riding a bike
• Ability to speak one or more languages
• Using a computer

Question 8

What are chromosomes?

Answer 8

Thread-like structures made of DNA and protein found in the nucleus of cells

Question 9

What are chromosomes made from?

Answer 9

DNA and protein

Question 10

What does DNA stand for?

Answer 10

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 11

What are genes?

Answer 11

Short sections of DNA located on chromosomes that control inherited characteristics

Question 12

Give an example of a human gene

Answer 12

One gene makes the acid in our stomach

Question 13

How many chromosomes are in a normal body cell of a human?

Answer 13

46

Question 14

How many chromosomes are in a sperm?

Answer 14

23

Question 15

How many chromosomes are in an egg?

Answer 15

23

Question 16

How many chromosomes are in a zygote?

Answer 16

46