Chapter 4: Body Structure Flashcards
1
Q
abduction
A
movement away from the midsagittal plane
2
Q
adduction
A
movement toward the midsagittal plan
3
Q
medial
A
midline of the body
4
Q
lateral
A
pertaining to the side
5
Q
superior
A
toward the head or upper portion of a structure
6
Q
inferior
A
away from the head, lower part of a structure
7
Q
proximal
A
near the center
8
Q
distal
A
further from the center
9
Q
anterior (ventral)
A
front of body
10
Q
posterior (dorsal)
A
back of body
11
Q
parietal
A
out wall of the body cavity
12
Q
visceral
A
internal organs
13
Q
prone
A
laying face down on abdomen
14
Q
supine
A
lying horizontally on the back, face up
15
Q
inversion
A
turning inward
16
Q
eversion
A
turning outward
17
Q
superficial
A
toward the surface of the body
18
Q
deep
A
away from the surface of the body
19
Q
cyt/o
A
cell
20
Q
hist/o
A
tissue
21
Q
kary/o, nucle/o
A
nucleus
22
Q
caud/o
A
tail
23
Q
cephal/o
A
head
24
Q
dist/o
A
far
25
dors/o
back
26
infer/o
lower, below
27
later/o
side
28
medi/o
middle
29
poster/o
back
30
proxim/o
near
31
ventr/o
belly
32
albin/o, leuk/o
white
33
chrom/o
color
34
cirrh/o, jaund/o, xanth/o
yellow
35
cyan/o
blue
36
erythr/o
red
37
melan/o
black
38
poli/o
grey
39
radi/o
radiation, x-ray
40
tom/o
to cut
41
viscer/o
internal organs
42
-graphy
process of recording
43
infra-
below, under
44
peri-
around
45
super-
upper, above
46
ultra-
excess, beyond
47
adhesion
abnormal fibrous band that holds or binds together tissues that are normally separated
48
edema
abnormal accumulation of fluid within tissue spaces as a result of disease or lymphatic system failure
49
febrile
showing symptoms of fever
50
grangene
death and decay of soft tissue, caused by circulatory obstruction of infection
51
hernia
protusion of any organ through the structure that normally contains it
52
inflammation
body defense against injury, infection, or allergy marked by redness, swelling, heat, and pain
53
mycosis
fungal infection in or on body
54
perforation
hole that completely penetrate a structure
55
peritonitis
inflammation of the peritoneum
56
rupture
sudden breaking or bursting of a structure or organ
57
septicemia
server bacterial infection of tissues that spread to the blood (sepsis)
58
suppuration
process of forming pus
59
endoscopy
visual examination of a body cavity or canal using a specialized lighted instruments called an endoscope
60
auscultation
listening to heart, bowel, lungs
61
inspection
general observation of patient as a whole
62
palpation
application of hands to specific structure to determine size, symmetry, tenderness, of underlying structure
63
percussion
tapping a body structure with the hand or fingers to assess consistency and presence or absence of fluids within the underlying structure
64
computed tomography (CT)
Imaging technique that rotates an x-ray emitter around the area to be evaluated and measures the intensity of transmitted rays from different angles
65
fluoroscopy
Technique in which x-rays are directed through the body to a fluorescent screen that displays internal structures in continuous motion
66
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Technique that uses radio waves and a strong magnetic field, rather than an x-ray beam, to produce highly detailed, multiplanar, cross-sectional views of soft tissues
67
positron emission tomography (PET)
Computed tomography records the positrons (positively charged particles) emitted from a radiopharmaceutical to produce a cross-sectional image of the metabolic activity of body tissues to determine the presence of disease
68
radiography
Technique in which x-rays are passed through the body or area and cap- tured on a film to generate an image; also called x-ray
69
biopsy
removal of a tissue sample from the body site for microscopic examination, to establish a diagnosis
70
ablation
removal of a body part, pathway, or function by surgery, chemical destruction, electrocautery, freezing, or radio frequency
71
anastomosis
surgical joining of two ducts, vessels, or bowel segments to allow flow from one to another
72
cutrettage
scraping of a body cavity with a spoon-shaped instrument called a curette
73
electrocauterization
use of electronically activated instrument to burn and destroy diseased tissue
74
xer/o
dry
75
extremity
acr/o
76
disease
path/o
77
idi/o
unknown, peculiar
78
destruction of white cells
leukocytolysis
79
tumor of black
melanoma
80
ECG
recording of electrical impulses generated in the heart
81
spirometry
pulmonary function test that measures volume and flow of air into and out of the lung
82
ultrasound
ultra-high-frequency sound waves emitted by a transducer or probe to produce an image of a body structure on a computer screen
83
record of sound
sonogram
