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Med Term > Chapter 16: Special Senses (Exam 3, white cards) > Flashcards

Chapter 16: Special Senses (Exam 3, white cards) Flashcards

1
Q

ambly/o

A

dull, dim

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2
Q

aque/o

A

water

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3
Q

blephar/o

A

eyelid

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4
Q

choroid/o

A

choroid

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5
Q

conjunctiv/o

A

conjunctiva

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6
Q

corne/o

A

cornea

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6
Q

dacry/o
lacrim/o

A

tear; lacrimal apparatus (duct, sac, or gland)

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7
Q

core/o
pupill/o

A

pupil

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7
Q

dacryocyst/o

A

lacrimal sac

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8
Q

cycl/o

A

ciliary body of the eye; circular; cycle

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9
Q

glauc/o

A

gray

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10
Q

kerat/o

A

horny tissue; hard; cornea

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10
Q

goni/o

A

angle

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11
Q

irid/o

A

iris

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12
Q

ocul/o
ophthalm/o

A

eye

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13
Q

opt/o
optic/o

A

eye, vision

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14
Q

phac/o

A

lens

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15
Q

phot/o

A

light

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16
Q

presby/o

A

old age

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17
Q

retin/o

A

retina

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18
Q

scler/o

A

hardening; sclera (white of eye)

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19
Q

scot/o

A

darkness

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19
Q

vitr/o

A

vitreous body (of the eye)

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20
Q

audi/o

A

hearing

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21
Q

labyrinth/o

A

labyrinth (inner ear)

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22
Q

mastoid/o

A

mastoid process

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22
Q

ot/o

A

ear

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23
Q

salping/o

A

tubes (auditory tubes)

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24
Q

staped/o

A

stapes

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24
Q

tympan/o
myring/o

A

tympanic membrane (eardrum)

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25
Q

-acusia
-cusis

A

hearing

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26
Q

-tropia

A

turning

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27
Q

-opia
-opsia

A

vision

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28
Q

hyper-

A

excessive, above normal

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28
Q

ametropia

A

Failure of light rays to focus sharply on the retina as a result of a defect in the lens, cornea, or shape of the eyeball
- error of refraction

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29
Q

exo-

A

outside, outward

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30
Q

astigmatism (Ast)

A

Distorted vision resulting from a defective curvature of the cornea or lens causing light rays to diffuse over a large area of the retina rather than being sharply focused

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30
Q

achromatopsia

A

severe congenital deficiency in color perception
- complete color blindness

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31
Q

myopia

A

visual defect in which the eyeball is too long, and the image falls in front of the retina
- nearsightedness

32
Q

hyperopia

A

visual defect in which the eyeball is too short, and the image falls behind the retina
- farsightedness

33
Q

chalazion

A

small, hard tumor developing on the eyelid, somewhat similar to a sebaceous cyst
- meibomian cyst

33
Q

drusen

A

Small yellowish deposits composed of retinal pigment cells that develop under the retina and are associated with an increased risk of developing age-related macular degeneration

34
Q

cataract

A

Opacity that forms on the lens and impairs vision, caused by proteins that slowly build up over time

35
Q

conjunctivitis

A

inflammation of the conjunctiva and inner eyelids with vascular congestion
- pinkeye

36
Q

ectropion

A

Eversion, or outward turning, of the edge of the lower eyelid, causing it to pull away from the eye, generally associated with aging and weakness of the small muscles around the eyelid

37
Q

entropion

A

Inversion, or inward turning, of the edge of the lower eyelid, commonly causing friction as the eyelashes and outer eyelid rub against the surface of the eye

38
Q

hordeolum

A

Localized, circumscribed, inflammatory swelling of one of the several sebaceous glands of the eyelid
- stye

39
Q

epiphora

A

abnormal overflow of tears

40
Q

nyctalopia

A

impaired vision in dim light
- night blindness

41
Q

metamorphosia

A

visual distortion of objects

42
Q

nystagmus

A

Type of involuntary eye movements that appear jerky and may reduce vision or be associated with other, more serious conditions that limit vision

43
Q

papilledema

A

swelling and hyperemia of the optic disc, usually associated with increased intracranial pressure
- choked disc

44
Q

strabismus

A

Misalignment of the eyes so that they do not focus on the same object at the same time, sending two different images to the brain
- heterotropia
- tropia

44
Q

photophobia

A

unusual intolerance of and sensitivity to light

45
Q

retinopathy

A

any disorder of retinal blood vessels

46
Q

anacusis

A

complete deafness
- anacusia

46
Q

trachoma

A

chronic, contagious form of conjunctivitis that typically leads to blindness

47
Q

labyrinthitis

A

Inflammation of the inner ear that usually results from an acute viral disease, such as mumps, measles, or influenza

48
Q

conduction impairment

A

blocking of sound waves as they pass through the external and middle ear (conduction pathway)

49
Q

Ménière disease

A

Increased fluid pressure of the endolymphatic system that leads to progressive loss of hearing
- endolymphatic/labyrinthine hydrops

50
Q

noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL)

A

Condition caused by the destruction of hair cells, the organs responsible for hearing, as a result of sounds that are “too long, too loud, or too close”

51
Q

otitis external

A

infection of the external auditory canal

52
Q

presbyacusis

A

impairment of hearing resulting from old age
- presbyacusia

53
Q

tinnitus

A

perception of ringing, hissing, or other sounds in the ears or head when no external sound is present

54
Q

vertigo

A

sensation of a spinning motion of oneself or of the surroundings

55
Q

audiometry

A

Measurement of hearing acuity at differing sound-wave frequencies and volumes to detect the various types of hearing impairment

56
Q

electronystamography

A

Method of assessing and recording eye movements by measuring the electrical activity of the extraocular muscles

57
Q

caloric stimulation test

A

Test that uses different water temperatures to assess the vestibular portion of the nerve of the inner ear (acoustic nerve) to determine whether nerve damage is the cause of vertigo

58
Q

gonioscopy

A

Examination of the angle of the anterior chamber of the eye to determine ocular motility and rotation and diagnose and manage glaucoma

58
Q

ophthalmodynamometry

A

measurement of the blood pressure of the retinal vessels

59
Q

otoscopy

A

Visual examination of the external auditory canal and the tympanic membrane using an otoscope

59
Q

ophthalmoscopy

A

Visual examination of the interior of the eye using a handheld instrument called an ophthalmoscope, which has various adjustable lenses for magnification and a light source to illuminate the interior of the eye

60
Q

pneumatic

A

Otoscopic procedure that assesses the ability of the tympanic membrane to move in response to a change in air pressure

61
Q

retinoscopy

A

Evaluation of refractive errors of the eye by projecting a light into the eyes and determining the movement of reflected light rays

62
Q

slit-lamp examination (SLE)

A

Stereoscopic magnified view of the anterior eye structures in detail, which includes the cornea, lens, iris, sclera, and vitreous humor

63
Q

tonometry

A

Evaluation of intraocular pressure by measuring the resistance of the eyeball to indentation by an applied force

64
Q

tuning fork tests

A

hearing tests using a vibrating tuning fork to determine type of hearing loss

65
Q

Rinne

A

tuning fork test that evaluates unilateral hearing loss by comparing sound though bone conduction (BC) versus air conduction (AC)
- air and bone conduction hearing test

65
Q

Visual acuity (VA) test

A

Part of an eye examination that determines the smallest letters that can be read on a standardized chart at a distance of 20 feet and commonly expressed as a fraction

66
Q

Weber

A

Tuning fork test that determines whether hearing loss occurs in the middle ear (conductive hearing loss) or in the auditory nerves or hair cells of the inner ear (sensorineural)
- conductive and sensorineural hearing loss test

67
Q

dacryocystography

A

Radiographic imaging procedure of the nasolacrimal (tear) glands and ducts

68
Q

fluorescein angiography

A

Evaluation of blood vessels and their leakage in and beneath the retina after injection of fluorescein dye, which circulates while photographs of the vessels within the eye are obtained

69
Q

cochlear implant insertion

A

Placement of an artificial hearing device that produces hearing sensations by electrically stimulating nerves inside the inner ear
- bionic ear

69
Q

blepharoplasty

A

Cosmetic surgery that removes fatty tissue above and below the eyes that commonly forms as a result of the aging process or excessive exposure to the sun

70
Q

cyclodialysis

A

Formation of an opening between the anterior chamber and the suprachoroidal space for the draining of aqueous humor in glaucoma

71
Q

enucleation

A

removal of the eyeball from the orbit

72
Q

evisceration

A

removal of the contents of the eye while leaving the sclera and cornea intact

73
Q

LASIK surgery

A

Procedure using a specialized laser passed through a temporary flap made in the cornea to reshape underlying corneal tissue

74
Q

phacoemulsification with lens implant

A

Ultrasonic destruction and removal of a cloudy lens and replacement with a new, clear artificial lens
- phaco

75
Q

otoplasty

A

corrective surgery for a deformed or excessively large or small pinna

76
Q

pressure-equalizing (PE) tube placement

A

Insertion of tubes through the tympanic membrane, commonly used to treat chronic otitis media
- tympanostomy tubes
- ventilation tubes

77
Q

sclerostomy

A

surgical formation of an opening in the sclera

78
Q

tympanoplasty

A

reconstruction of the eardrum, commonly as a result of perforation
- myringoplasty

79
Q

ear irrigation

A

flushing of the ear canal with water or saline to dislodge foreign bodies or impacted cerumen (earwax)

80
Q

eye refraction test

A

Visual acuity test to determine the prescription for eyeglasses or contact lenses if required

81
Q

retinal photocoagulation

A

Technique that uses light energy in the form of a laser beam to seal or cauterize retinal tissue
- laser photocoagulation

82
Q

glaucoma

A

collection of fluid within the eyeball, causing pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve; may cause blindness

Med Term (17 decks)

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