Chapter 16: Special Senses (Exam 3, white cards) Flashcards

Question

labyrinth/o

Answer 1

labyrinth (inner ear)

Answer 2

mastoid process

Answer 3

tubes (auditory tubes)

Answer 4

tympanic membrane (eardrum)

Answer 5

excessive, above normal

Answer 6

Failure of light rays to focus sharply on the retina as a result of a defect in the lens, cornea, or shape of the eyeball - error of refraction

Answer 7

outside, outward

Answer 8

Distorted vision resulting from a defective curvature of the cornea or lens causing light rays to diffuse over a large area of the retina rather than being sharply focused

Answer 9

severe congenital deficiency in color perception - complete color blindness

Answer 10

visual defect in which the eyeball is too long, and the image falls in front of the retina - nearsightedness

Answer 11

visual defect in which the eyeball is too short, and the image falls behind the retina - farsightedness

Answer 12

small, hard tumor developing on the eyelid, somewhat similar to a sebaceous cyst - meibomian cyst

Answer 13

Small yellowish deposits composed of retinal pigment cells that develop under the retina and are associated with an increased risk of developing age-related macular degeneration

Answer 14

Opacity that forms on the lens and impairs vision, caused by proteins that slowly build up over time

Answer 15

inflammation of the conjunctiva and inner eyelids with vascular congestion - pinkeye

Answer 16

Eversion, or outward turning, of the edge of the lower eyelid, causing it to pull away from the eye, generally associated with aging and weakness of the small muscles around the eyelid

Answer 17

Inversion, or inward turning, of the edge of the lower eyelid, commonly causing friction as the eyelashes and outer eyelid rub against the surface of the eye

Answer 18

Localized, circumscribed, inflammatory swelling of one of the several sebaceous glands of the eyelid - stye

Answer 19

abnormal overflow of tears

Answer 20

impaired vision in dim light - night blindness

Answer 21

visual distortion of objects

Answer 22

Type of involuntary eye movements that appear jerky and may reduce vision or be associated with other, more serious conditions that limit vision

Answer 23

swelling and hyperemia of the optic disc, usually associated with increased intracranial pressure - choked disc

Answer 24

Misalignment of the eyes so that they do not focus on the same object at the same time, sending two different images to the brain - heterotropia - tropia

Answer 25

unusual intolerance of and sensitivity to light

Answer 26

any disorder of retinal blood vessels

Answer 27

complete deafness - anacusia

Answer 28

chronic, contagious form of conjunctivitis that typically leads to blindness

Answer 29

Inflammation of the inner ear that usually results from an acute viral disease, such as mumps, measles, or influenza

Answer 30

blocking of sound waves as they pass through the external and middle ear (conduction pathway)

Answer 31

Increased fluid pressure of the endolymphatic system that leads to progressive loss of hearing - endolymphatic/labyrinthine hydrops

Answer 32

Condition caused by the destruction of hair cells, the organs responsible for hearing, as a result of sounds that are “too long, too loud, or too close”

Answer 33

infection of the external auditory canal

Answer 34

impairment of hearing resulting from old age - presbyacusia

Answer 35

perception of ringing, hissing, or other sounds in the ears or head when no external sound is present

Answer 36

sensation of a spinning motion of oneself or of the surroundings

Answer 37

Measurement of hearing acuity at differing sound-wave frequencies and volumes to detect the various types of hearing impairment

Answer 38

Method of assessing and recording eye movements by measuring the electrical activity of the extraocular muscles

Answer 39

Test that uses different water temperatures to assess the vestibular portion of the nerve of the inner ear (acoustic nerve) to determine whether nerve damage is the cause of vertigo

Answer 40

Examination of the angle of the anterior chamber of the eye to determine ocular motility and rotation and diagnose and manage glaucoma

Answer 41

measurement of the blood pressure of the retinal vessels

Answer 42

Visual examination of the external auditory canal and the tympanic membrane using an otoscope

Answer 43

Visual examination of the interior of the eye using a handheld instrument called an ophthalmoscope, which has various adjustable lenses for magnification and a light source to illuminate the interior of the eye

Answer 44

Otoscopic procedure that assesses the ability of the tympanic membrane to move in response to a change in air pressure

Answer 45

Evaluation of refractive errors of the eye by projecting a light into the eyes and determining the movement of reflected light rays

Answer 46

Stereoscopic magnified view of the anterior eye structures in detail, which includes the cornea, lens, iris, sclera, and vitreous humor

Answer 47

Evaluation of intraocular pressure by measuring the resistance of the eyeball to indentation by an applied force

Answer 48

hearing tests using a vibrating tuning fork to determine type of hearing loss

Answer 49

tuning fork test that evaluates unilateral hearing loss by comparing sound though bone conduction (BC) versus air conduction (AC) - air and bone conduction hearing test

Answer 50

Part of an eye examination that determines the smallest letters that can be read on a standardized chart at a distance of 20 feet and commonly expressed as a fraction

Answer 51

Tuning fork test that determines whether hearing loss occurs in the middle ear (conductive hearing loss) or in the auditory nerves or hair cells of the inner ear (sensorineural) - conductive and sensorineural hearing loss test

Answer 52

Radiographic imaging procedure of the nasolacrimal (tear) glands and ducts

Answer 53

Evaluation of blood vessels and their leakage in and beneath the retina after injection of fluorescein dye, which circulates while photographs of the vessels within the eye are obtained

Answer 54

Placement of an artificial hearing device that produces hearing sensations by electrically stimulating nerves inside the inner ear - bionic ear

Answer 55

Cosmetic surgery that removes fatty tissue above and below the eyes that commonly forms as a result of the aging process or excessive exposure to the sun

Answer 56

Formation of an opening between the anterior chamber and the suprachoroidal space for the draining of aqueous humor in glaucoma

Answer 57

removal of the eyeball from the orbit

Answer 58

removal of the contents of the eye while leaving the sclera and cornea intact

Answer 59

Procedure using a specialized laser passed through a temporary flap made in the cornea to reshape underlying corneal tissue

Answer 60

Ultrasonic destruction and removal of a cloudy lens and replacement with a new, clear artificial lens - phaco

Answer 61

corrective surgery for a deformed or excessively large or small pinna

Answer 62

Insertion of tubes through the tympanic membrane, commonly used to treat chronic otitis media - tympanostomy tubes - ventilation tubes

Answer 63

surgical formation of an opening in the sclera

Answer 64

reconstruction of the eardrum, commonly as a result of perforation - myringoplasty

Answer 65

flushing of the ear canal with water or saline to dislodge foreign bodies or impacted cerumen (earwax)

Answer 66

Visual acuity test to determine the prescription for eyeglasses or contact lenses if required

Answer 67

Technique that uses light energy in the form of a laser beam to seal or cauterize retinal tissue - laser photocoagulation

Answer 68

collection of fluid within the eyeball, causing pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve; may cause blindness