Chapter 4 - Arthrokinematics

Question 1

End feel

Answer 1

type of resistance that a clinician feels wen brining a patient’s joint to the end of its passive range of motion, the applying a slight over-pressure

Question 2

Soft end feel

Answer 2

occurs when muscle bulk is compressed, sometimes called soft tissue approximation

Question 3

Firm end feel

Answer 3

results from tension in the surrounding ligaments, capsule, and/or muscles and is perceived as a firm stop to the motin with only a “slight give” on overpressure

Question 4

Hard end feel

Answer 4

hard and abrupt limit to passive joint motion with no give on overpressure

Question 5

Boggy end feel

Answer 5

found in acute conditions in which soft tissue edema is present (right after a severely sprained ankle or with synovitis) and has a “wet sponge” feel

Question 6

Muscle spasm

Answer 6

reflexive muscle guarding durng motion, protective response is seen with acute injury

Question 7

Empty end feel

Answer 7

when movement produces condiserable pain and the patient stops the cliician from moving the joint beyond the painful point

Question 8

Springy block

Answer 8

a rebound of movement is felt at the end of the ROM

Question 9

Arthrokinematic motion

Answer 9

the manner in whcih adjoining joint surfaces move on each other during osteokinematic joint movement

Question 10

Component movements

Answer 10

are the small arthrokinematic joint motions that accompany active osteokinematic motion

Question 11

Joint play

Answer 11

arthrokinematic movement that happens between joint surfaces when an external force creates passive motion at the joint

Question 12

Joint mobilization

Answer 12

technique that applies an external force to a patients joint to generate a passive oscillatory motion or sustained stretch between the joint surfaces

Question 13

Manipulation

Answer 13

high velocity, low amplitude thrust, moving the joint with high speed through a very slight and calculated range that is just past where the joint play ends

Question 14

Traction forces

Answer 14

cause joint distraction in which the joint surfaces pull apart from one another

Question 15

Compression forces

Answer 15

joint approximation in which the joint surfaces are pushed closer together

Question 16

Shearing forces

Answer 16

gliding motion in which the joint surfaces move parallel to one another

Question 17

Bending

Answer 17

occurs when an other-than-vertical force is applied, resulting in compression on the concave side and distraction on the convex side

Question 18

Ovoid joint

Answer 18

has two bones forming a convex-concave relationship

Question 19

Sellar (saddle-shaped joint)

Answer 19

each joint surface is concave in one direction and convex in another

Question 20

Glide

Answer 20

linear movement of a joint surface parallel to the plane of the adjoining joint surface

Question 21

Spin

Answer 21

rotation of the moveable joint surface on the fixed adjacent surface

Question 22

Convex-concave rule

Answer 22

describes how the differences in shape of bone ends require joint surfaces to move in a specific way during joint movement

Question 23

Concave joint surfaces

Answer 23

glide in the same direction as the distal end of the same bony segment

Question 24

Convex joint surfaces

Answer 24

glide in the opposite direction as compared with the distal end of the same bony segment

Question 25

Congruent

Answer 25

the joint surfaces have maximum contact with each other, are tightly compressed, and are difficult to distract (separate)

Question 26

Closed-packed position

Answer 26

ligaments and capsule holding the joint together are taut

Question 27

Loose-packed position (resting position)

Answer 27

position of maximum incongruence

Question 28

Joint play

Answer 28

passive movement of one articular surface over another