Chapter 4 - Arthrokinematics Flashcards
End feel
type of resistance that a clinician feels wen brining a patient’s joint to the end of its passive range of motion, the applying a slight over-pressure
Soft end feel
occurs when muscle bulk is compressed, sometimes called soft tissue approximation
Firm end feel
results from tension in the surrounding ligaments, capsule, and/or muscles and is perceived as a firm stop to the motin with only a “slight give” on overpressure
Hard end feel
hard and abrupt limit to passive joint motion with no give on overpressure
Boggy end feel
found in acute conditions in which soft tissue edema is present (right after a severely sprained ankle or with synovitis) and has a “wet sponge” feel
Muscle spasm
reflexive muscle guarding durng motion, protective response is seen with acute injury
Empty end feel
when movement produces condiserable pain and the patient stops the cliician from moving the joint beyond the painful point
Springy block
a rebound of movement is felt at the end of the ROM
Arthrokinematic motion
the manner in whcih adjoining joint surfaces move on each other during osteokinematic joint movement
Component movements
are the small arthrokinematic joint motions that accompany active osteokinematic motion
Joint play
arthrokinematic movement that happens between joint surfaces when an external force creates passive motion at the joint
Joint mobilization
technique that applies an external force to a patients joint to generate a passive oscillatory motion or sustained stretch between the joint surfaces
Manipulation
high velocity, low amplitude thrust, moving the joint with high speed through a very slight and calculated range that is just past where the joint play ends
Traction forces
cause joint distraction in which the joint surfaces pull apart from one another
Compression forces
joint approximation in which the joint surfaces are pushed closer together
Shearing forces
gliding motion in which the joint surfaces move parallel to one another
Bending
occurs when an other-than-vertical force is applied, resulting in compression on the concave side and distraction on the convex side
Ovoid joint
has two bones forming a convex-concave relationship
Sellar (saddle-shaped joint)
each joint surface is concave in one direction and convex in another
Glide
linear movement of a joint surface parallel to the plane of the adjoining joint surface
Spin
rotation of the moveable joint surface on the fixed adjacent surface
Convex-concave rule
describes how the differences in shape of bone ends require joint surfaces to move in a specific way during joint movement
Concave joint surfaces
glide in the same direction as the distal end of the same bony segment
Convex joint surfaces
glide in the opposite direction as compared with the distal end of the same bony segment
Congruent
the joint surfaces have maximum contact with each other, are tightly compressed, and are difficult to distract (separate)
Closed-packed position
ligaments and capsule holding the joint together are taut
Loose-packed position (resting position)
position of maximum incongruence
Joint play
passive movement of one articular surface over another
