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Kinesiology > Chapter 13 - Hand > Flashcards

Chapter 13 - Hand Flashcards

1
Q

CMC joint of the thumb

A

made up of the trapezium bone, which articulates with the base of the 1st metacarpal

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2
Q

What type of movement does the MCP joint allow?

A

hinge joint that allows for flexion and extension (uniaxial)

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3
Q

IP joint

A

only phalangeal joint of the thumb, also allows only flexion and extension

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4
Q

CMC joint of the fingers

A

nonaxial, plane-shaped synovial joints that provide slight gliding motion (provide more stability than mobility)

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5
Q

MCP joints of the fingers

A

formed by concave-shaped bases of the proximal phalanges articulating with convex, rounded heads of the metacarpals

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6
Q

Flexor retinaculum

A

a fibrous band of connective tissue that spans the anterior surface of the wrist in a mediolateral direction
- attaches to the styloid processes of the radius and ulna and crosses over the flexor muscle tendons

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7
Q

Palmar carpal ligament

A

more proximal and superficial than the transverse carpal ligament
- attaches to the styloid processes of the radius and ulna and crosses over the flexor muscle tendons

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8
Q

Transverse carpal ligament

A

lies deeper and more distally
- attaches to the pisiform and hook of the hamate on the medial side and to the scaphoid and trapezium bones laterally

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9
Q

Extensor retinaculum ligament

A

fibrous band traversing the posterior side of the wrist in a horizontal mediolateral direction
- attaches medially to the styloid process of the ulna and to the triquetrum, pisiform, and lateral side of the radius

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10
Q

Extensor expansion ligament

A

“extensor hood” is a small, triangular, flat aponeurosis covering the dorsum and sides of the proximal phalanx of each finger

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11
Q

Proximal carpal arch

A

formed by the proximal end of the metacarpals and carpal bones and is maintained by the flexor retinaculum

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12
Q

Distal carpal arch

A

shallower, made up of the metacarpal heads

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13
Q

Longitudinal arch

A

begins at the wrist and runs the length of the metacarpal
and phalanges for each digit
- perpendicular to the other two arches

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14
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis origin

A

common flexor tendon on the medial epicondyle, coronoid process, radius

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15
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis insertion

A

sides of the middle phalanx of the four fingers

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16
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis action

A

flexes PIP and MCP joints of the fingers

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17
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis nerve

A

median nerve

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18
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus origin

A

upper 3/4 of the ulna

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19
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus insertion

A

distal phalax of the 4 fingers

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20
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus action

A

flexes all 3 joints of the fingers

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21
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus nerve

A

median and ulnar nerves

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22
Q

Flexor pollicus longus origin

A

radius, anterior surface

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23
Q

Flexor pollicus longus insertion

A

distal phalanx of thumb

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24
Q

Flexor pollicus longus action

A

flexes all 3 joints of the thumb

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25
Flexor pollicus longus nerve
median
26
Abductor pollicus longus origin
posterior radius, interosseus membrane, middle ulna
27
Abductor pollicus longus insertion
base of the 5th metacarpal
28
Abductor pollicus longus action
abducts thumb
29
Abductor pollicus longus nerve
radial
30
Extensor pollicus brevis origin
posterior distal radius
31
Extensor pollicus brevis insertion
base of the proximal phalanx of thumb
32
Extensor pollicus brevis action
extends MCP and CMC joints of thumb
33
Extensor pollicus brevis nerve
radial
34
Extensor pollicus longus origin
middle posterior ulna and interosseus membrane
35
Extensor pollicus longus insertion
base of distal phalanx of thumb
36
Extensor pollicus longus action
extends all 3 joints of thumb
37
Extensor pollicus longus nerve
radial
38
Extensor digitorum origin
lateral epicondyle of the humerus
39
Extensor digitorum insertion
base of distal phalanx of the second through fifth fingers
40
Extensor digitorum action
extends all 3 joints of the fingers
41
Extensor digitorum nerve
radial nerve
42
Extensor indicis origin
distal ulna
43
Extensor indicis insertion
base of distal phalanx of the second finger
44
Extensor indicis action
extends all 3 joints of the second finger
45
Extensor indicis nerve
radial
46
Extensor digiti minimi origin
lateral epicondyle of humerus
47
Extensor digiti minimi insertion
base of distal phalanx of 5th finger
48
Extensor digiti minimi action
extends all 3 joints of 5th finger
49
Extensor digiti minimi nerve
radial nerve
50
Flexor pollicis brevis origin
trapezium and flexor retinaculum
51
Flexor pollicis brevis insertion
proximal phalanx of the thumb
52
Flexor pollicis brevis action
flexes the MCP and CMC joints of the thumb
53
Flexor pollicis brevis nerve
median
54
Abductor pollicis brevis origin
scaphoid, trapezium, and flexor retinaculum
55
Abductor pollicis brevis insertion
abducts the thumb
56
Abductor pollicis brevis nerve
median
57
Opponenes pollicis origin
trapezium and flexor retinaculum
58
Opponenes pollicis insertion
1st metacarpal
59
Opponenes pollicis action
opposes the thumb
60
Opponenes pollicis nerve
median
61
Adductor pollicis origin
capitate, base of the 2nd and 3rd metacarpal, and distal 2/3 of the palamar surface of the 3rd metacarpal
62
Adductor pollicis insertion
base of proximal phalanx of thumb
63
Adductor pollicis action
adducts thumb
64
Adductor pollicis nerve
ulnar nerve
65
Dorsal interossei origin
adjacent metacarpals
66
Dorsal interossei insertion
base of proximal phalanx
67
Dorsal interossei action
abducts fingers at MCP joint
68
Dorsal interossei nerve
ulnar nerve
69
Palmar interossei origin
2nd, 4th, and 5th metacarpals
70
Palmar interossei insertion
base of respective proximal phalanx
71
Palmar interossei action
adducts fingers at MCP joint
72
Palmar interossei nerve
ulnar
73
Lumbrical origin
tendon of the flexor digitorum profundus muscle
74
Lumbrical insertion
tendon of the extensor digitorum muscle
75
Lumbrical action
flex the MCP joint while extending the PIP and DIP joints
76
Lumbrical nerve - 1st and 2nd
median
77
Lumbrical nerve - 3rd and 4th
ulnar
78
Flexor digiti minimi origin
hamate and flexor retinaculum
79
Flexor digiti minimi insertion
base of proximal phalanx of 5th finger
80
Flexor digiti minimi action
flexes MCP and CMC joints of 5th finger
81
Flexor digiti minimi nerve
ulnar
82
Abductor digiti minimi origin
pisiform and tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris
83
Abductor digiti minimi insertion
proximal phalanx of 5th finger
84
Abductor digiti minimi action
abducts the MCP joint of 5th finger
85
Abductor digiti minimi nerve
ulnar
86
Opponens digiti minimi origin
hamate and flexor retinaculum
87
Opponens digiti minimi insertion
5th metacarpal
88
Opponens digiti minimi action
opposes 5th finger (CMC joint)
89
Opponens digiti minimi nerve
ulnar
90
Carpal tunnel syndrome
an extremely common condition caused by compression of the median nerve with the carpal tunnel
91
De Quervain's disease
cause by inflammation and thickening of the sheath containing the extensor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicis longus, resulting in pain on the radial side of the wrist
92
Tenosynovitis
inflammation of tendons and their surrounding sheaths
93
Dupuytren's contracture
occurs when the palmar aponeurosis undergoes a nodular thickening - most common in the area of the palm in line with the ring and little finger
94
Stenosing tenosynovitis (trigger finger)
a problem with the sliding mechanism of a tendon in its sheath
95
Skier's thumb
common hand injury among athletes and involves an acute tear of the ulnar collateral ligament of the thumb
96
Gamekeeper's thumb
old term referring to a stretching injury of this same ligament developed over time by English gamekeepers as they twisted the necks of small game
97
Swam neck deformity
characterized by flexion of MCP joint, hyperextension of the PIP joint, and flexion of the DIP joint
98
Boutonniere deformity
the deformity is in the opposite direction - extension of the MCP joint, flexion of the PIP joint, and extension of the DIP joint
99
Ulnar drift
results in ulnar deviation of the fingers at the MCP joints
100
Mallet finger
caused by disruption of the extensor mechanism of the DIP joint, either because the tendon was severed or because the portion of bone where the tendon attached has avulsed from the distal phalanx
101
Scaphoid fracture
usually results from a fall on the outstretched hand of a younger person
102
Kienbock's disease
refers to the necrosis of the lunate, which may develop after trauma
103
Power grip
used when an object must be held forcefully while being moved about by more proximal joint muscles (holding a hammer or doorknob)
104
Precision grip
used when an object must be manipulated in a finer type of movement (holding a pen or threading a needle)
105
Cylindrical grip
has all the fingers flexed around the object, which usually lies at a right angle to the forearm (holding a hammer, a racquet, or a wheelbarrow handle)
106
Spherical grip
has all the fingers and thumb abducted around an object and the fingers are spread apart (holding an apple or a doorknob or picking up a glass by its top)
107
Hook grip
involved the 2nd through 5th fingers flexed around an object in a hooklike manner, MCP joints extended, PIP and DIP joints are in some degree of flexion (holding on to a handle like a suitcase, wagon, or bucket)
108
Pad-to-pad grip
MCP and PIP joints of the fingers are flexed, the thumb is abducted and opposed, and the distal joints of bother are extended, bring the pads of the finger(s) and thumb together
109
Pinch grip
Pad-to-pad grip that also involves the thumb and one finger, usually the index finger (holding a coin between thumb and index finger)
110
Three-jaw chuck (tripod grasp)
Pad-to-pad grip that also involves the thumb and two fingers, usually the index and middle fingers (holding a pen or pencil)
111
Tip-to-tip grip
involves bringing the tip of the thumb up against the tip of another digit, usually the index finger, to pick up, a small object such as a coin or pin
112
Tip-to-tip/pincer grip
involves bringing the tip of the thumb up against the tip of another digit, usually the index finger, to pick up, a small object such as a coin or pin
113
Pad-to-side grip (lateral prehension)
has the pad of the extended thumb pressing an object against the radial side of the index finger - strong grip but it allows less fine movements
114
Side-to-side
required adduction of the index finger and abduction of the middle finger - weak grip and does not permit much precision
115
Lumbrical/plate grip
MCP flexed and the PIP and DIP joints extended - thumb opposes the fingers holding an object horizontal (plate or tray)

Kinesiology (14 decks)

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