Chapter 11 - Elbow Joint Flashcards
Carrying angle
in anatomical position, the longitudinal axes of the humerus and the forearm form an angle
Medial collateral ligament
triangular and spans the medial side of the elbow, attaches on the medial epicondyle of the humerus, and runs obliquely to the medial sides of the coronoid process and olecranon process of the ulna
Lateral collateral ligament
triangular, attaches proximally on the lateral epicondyle of the humerus and distally on the annular ligament and the lateral side of the ulna
Annular ligament
attaches anteriorly and posteriorly to the radial notch of the ulna, encompassing the head of the radius and holding it against the ulna
Brachialis Origin
distal half of humerus, anterior surface
Brachialis Insertion
coronoid process and ulnar tuberosity of the ulna
Brachialis Action
elbow flexion
Biceps (SH) Origin
coracoid process of scapula
Biceps (LH) Origin
supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
Biceps Insertion
radial tuberosity of radius
Biceps Action
elbow flexion, forearm supination
Brachioradialis Origin
lateral supracondylar ridge on the humerus
Brachioradialis Insertion
styloid process of the radius
Brachioradialis Action
elbow flexion
Triceps (LH) Origin
infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
Triceps (Lat. H) Origin
inferior to the greater tubercle on the posterior humerus
Triceps (MH) Origin
the posterior surface of the humerus
Triceps Insertion
olecranon process of ulna
Triceps Action
elbow extension
Anconeus Origin
later epicondyle of the humerus
Anconeus Insertion
lateral and inferior to olecranon process of ulna
Anconeus Action
assists in elbow extension, not a prime mover in any joint action
Pronator Teres Origin
medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of ulna
Pronator Teres Insertion
lateral aspect of radius at its midpoint
Pronator Teres Action
forearm pronation, assistive in elbow flexion
Pronator Quadratus Origin
distal 1/4 of ulna
Pronator Quadratus Insertion
distal 1/4 of radius
Pronator Quadratus Action
forearm pronatino
Supinator Origin
lateral epicondyle of humerus and adjacent ulna
Supinator Insertion
anterior surface of the proximal radius
Supinator Action
forearm supination
Lateral epicondylitis
tennis elbow - common overuse condition that affects the common extensor tendon where it inserts into the lateral epicondyle of the humerus
Medial epicondylitis
golfer’s elbow - inflammation of the common flexor tendon that inserts into the medial epicondyle, overuse condition that results in tenderness over the medial epicondyle and pass on resisted wrist flexion
Little league elbow
overuse injury of the medial epicondyle, usually caused by a repetitive throwing motion that is seen in young baseball players who haven’t reached skeletal maturity
Pulled elbow (nursemaid’s elbow)
seen in young children under the age of 5 who have experienced a sudden strong traction force on the arm - often occurs when an adult suddenly pulls on a child’s arm, or the child falls away from an adult while being held by the arm
Elbow dislocation
caused when a great deal of force is applied to an elbow that is in a slightly flexed position, causing the ulna to slide posterior to the distal end of the humerus
Supracondylar fractures
one of the most common fractures in children and is caused by falling on the outstretched hand
Volkmann’s ischemic contracture
rare but potentially devastating ischemic necrosis of the forearm muscles
Ulnar nerve compression
pain from hitting the “funny bone”, very superficial where it crosses the medial elbow between the bony olecranon process and medial epicondyle
