Chapter 35 Flashcards
Lateral roots
The primary root branches to form lateral roots which improve anchorage and water absorption
Responsible for water
Taproot
Develops from the primary root and prevents the plant from toppling
Not responsible for water
Root hairs
Near the root tip
Increase the surface area of the root
Stem
Consists of altnerating nodes and internodes
Nodes
The points at which leaves are attatched
Apical bud
Growing tip
Axillary bud
Structure that has the potential to form a lateral branch
Ex: thorn, flower, branch
Veins
the vascular tissue of leaves
Monocot veins
parallel
Eudicot veins
branching
Cuticle
waxy coating that prevents water loss
Nonwoody plants dermal tissue system
consists of the epidermis
Woody plants dermal tissue system
protective tissues, periderm, replace the epidermis
Periderm
Found in older regions of woody plants
Dermal tissue
Dermal tissue
Outermost layer
Either periderm or epiderm
Vascular tissue system
Transport of materials through plant
Phloem and xylem
Xylem
conducts water and dissolved materials upward from roots into the shoots
accounts for a large area inside plant
Phloem
transports sugars from where they are made to where they are needed
“get low”
Stele
collective name for all the vascular tissue
Ground tissue
internal to the vascular tissue: pith
external to the vascular tissue: cortex
Parenchyma
thin walls
least specialized
perform metabolic functions
can divide
chloroplasts
Collenchyma
Grouped in strands
Support young parts of plant shoot
Uneven cell walls
Flexible support
Sclerenchyma
Rigid, thick secondary walls
Dead at functional maturity
What is dead at functional maturity?
Sclerenchyma, tracheids, and vessel elements
