Chapter 17 (only trouble spots)

Question 1

Which of the following is the most probably advantage for the organism of such sigma swichting?

Answer 1

Might allow the polymerase to recognize different promoters under certain environmental conditions

Question 2

Function of poly-A

Answer 2

Codes for a sequence in eukaryotic transcription that signals enzymatic cleavage

Question 3

What type of RNA polymerase is involved in transcription for a globin protein?

Answer 3

RNA polymerase II

Question 4

Why is TATA sequence only several nucleotides away from the start site of transcription?

Answer 4

Number of hydrogen bonds between A and T in DNA

Question 5

Alternate RNA splicing…

Answer 5

Can allow for the production of proteins of DIFFERENT SIZES from a single mRNA

Question 6

Exonucleases

Answer 6

Will digest mRNA if it is not protected by the 5’ end

Question 7

Where do spliceosomes bind?

Answer 7

To the end of an intron

Question 8

Usful feature of introns

Answer 8

Introns allow exon shuffling

Question 9

Function of GTP in translation

Answer 9

Energizes the formation of the initiation complex, using intitation factors

Question 10

First event to take place in translation in eukaryotes

Answer 10

Small subunit of the ribosome recognizes and attatches to the 5’ cap of mRNA

Question 11

Function of a signal peptide

Answer 11

Translocate polypetides across the ER membrane

Question 12

What must occur when a newly made polypetide wants to leave the cell

Answer 12

Go through the ER

Then to the Golgi

Question 13

Point Mutation

Answer 13

Substitutes an amino acid in the active site

Question 14

Frameshit mutation could result from..

Answer 14

insertion or deletion of a base

Question 15

Cystic fibrosis mutation

Answer 15

Polypeptide missing an amino acid

Question 16

Most likely to cause a phenotypic change

Answer 16

Single nucleotide deletion in an exon coding for an active site

Question 17

6 cleary defined domains equals

Answer 17

8 exons

Question 18

Gene

Answer 18

a DNA sequence that is expressed to form a functional product either RNA or polypeptide

Question 19

Transciption in Domain Archaea

Answer 19

Roughly simultaneous with translation

Question 20

Domain archaea has…

Answer 20

numerous transcription factors!

Question 21

20,000 protein-coding regions implies,

Answer 21

there are also genes for RNAs other than mRNA

Question 22

Defective enzyme A

Answer 22

leads to an acculumation of A and no production of B and C

Question 23

What direction does RNA polymerase move?

Answer 23

3’ to 5’ along the template strand

Question 24

Anti-codons move in..

Answer 24

opposite direction

3’ to 5’