Chapter 3.4- The impact of the First World War 1914-18 Flashcards
Chapter 3.4 - ww1
chapter 3.4
Political Impacts of WW1 (February 1917):
Who was left in charge when Nicholas II took charge of the armed forces at the front-line?
The tsarina
What two things made the tsarina unpopular during WW1?
- She was German
- She was influenced by Rasputin
What did WW1 show Nicholas II as?
An incompetent leader
How many Russian casualties were there in WW1?
4 million by 1917
How did the war influence public opinion on tsarism and autocracy?
The war made the proletariat more opposed to autocracy and the tsar
When was Nicholas II forced to abdicate?
15th March 1917
Economic Impacts of WW1 (February 1917):
What happened to the Russian economy in WW1?
It collapsed
How much was government expenditure in 1913?
1.5 billion roubles
How much did the war alone cost from the middle of 1916 onwards?
3 billion roubles
How much had prices risen by 1917 since the start of the war?
400%
What were 3 things that caused food problems during WW1?
- Rapidly rising population
- Food requisitioning by the army
- Transport problems
Social Impacts of WW1: (February 1917)
How long were bread queues in St Petersburg during the war?
8 hours
How much did the bread ration decrease by in Petrograd in the first 3 months of 1916?
25%
Political Impacts of WW1 (October 1917):
Why did the Provisional Government carry on in WW1 despite it being hugely unpopular?
They desperately wanted the support of the UK and France
What did the Kerensky Offensive in the summer of 1917 lead to?
The July Days (attempted coup by the Bolsheviks)
How many Russian solders were killed in the Kerensky Offensive?
60,000
What did the July days start?
An anti-war demonstration
How many people attended the anti-war demonstration?
500,000 people
What was the Kornilov Revolt?
An attempted coup by the General of the Russian Army, Lavr Kornilov, to take control of the Provisional Government
Who emerged as heroes after the Kornilov Revolt?
The Bolsheviks
What was the Bolshevik slogan, taking advantage of the war?
‘Peace, Land and Bread’
What did the provisional government lack?
Authority and credibility
How many people attended a war demonstration in Petrograd on the 1st May 1917?
100,000
Who was radicalised by WW1?
The workers
What was ‘trench bolshevism’?
Peasants in the trenches who became literate and politically conscious
What was ‘trench Bolshevism’?
Peasants in the trenches who became literate and politically conscious
Social Impacts of WW1: (October 1917)
Where was there widespread unrest?
The countryside
What did the Bolsheviks promise after the July Days?
Land to the peasants
