Chapter 2 - Economy/Society - Working conditions Flashcards
URBAN WORKING CONDITIONS: ALEXANDER III
URBAN WORKING CONDITIONS: ALEXANDER III
What did Alexander III introduce in 1882?
A factory inspectorate
Why was the factory inspectorate created under Alexander III ineffective?
There were too few inspectors and they had limited powers of enforcement
What legislation was introduced in 1882 which was supposed to improve the workplace?
Legislation introduced which banned the employment of children under 12 - carried on anyway
URBAN WORKINGS CONDITIONS: NICHOLAS II
URBAN WORKING CONDITIONS: NICHOLAS II
What was the working day in Russia in 1896?
11 hours
What was the average working day in 1914?
9-10 hours
What was set up in 1912 to improve workers’ rights?
A workers’ insurance system
URBAN WORKING CONDITIONS: LENIN
URBAN WORKING CONDITIONS: LENIN
What was created in February 1920 by the Boslheviks?
Rabkrin (Workers’ and Peasants’ inspectorate)
Why was the introduction of the Rabkrin a step backwards?
It was a talking shop rather than a body that enforced industrial law
What was a common fine under the New Work Discipline introduced by the Communists?
10% of wages
What were workers threatened with if they were considered to be anti-revolutionary?
They were threatened with being ‘purged’
URBAN WORKING CONDITIONS: STALIN
URBAN WORKING CONDITIONS: STALIN
What was the normal working day in 1932 under Stalin?
10-12 hours
What did Stalin claim about the long working hours?
That the demands of the first 5 year plan meant workers had to endure a longer working day
What was the average working day reduced to in 1939?
7 hours
What was disallowed during WW2?
Holidays
What popularised hard work?
The Stakhanovite movement
How much did real wages fall by the end of the first 5 year plan?
50%
What was the piece-rate system of wages under Stalin?
Workers were paid for how much they produced
URBAN WORKING CONDITIONS: KHRUSHCHEV
URBAN WORKING CONDITIONS: KHRUSHCHEV
What was the average working day in 1958?
7 hours
