Chapter 3.3 Flashcards

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1
Q

the endocrine system

A
  • a network of glands that release hormones into the bloodstream
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2
Q

hormones are carried by

A
  • blood vessles
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3
Q

hormones

A
  • influence organs
  • slower than neurotransmitters
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4
Q

pituitary gland

A
  • controls the other glands in the body
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5
Q

the pituitary gland is controlled by the

A

hypothalamus

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6
Q

what is one of the hormones that the pituitary gland secretes

A

oxytocin

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7
Q

function of oxytocin

A
  • birth is females
  • maternal and romantic love
  • impacts trust and social behaviours
  • may play a role in treating outsiders poorly (can play a role in negative social behaviours
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8
Q

when are adrenal gland release their hormones

A
  • during periods of stress and arousal
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9
Q

where are the adrenal glands found

A

just above the kidneys

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10
Q

what hormones do the adrenal glands manufacture

A
  • adrenaline
  • cortisol
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11
Q

what are chromosomes?

A
  • threads within a cells structure that carry the genetic material (genes)
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12
Q

how many chromosomes does the average human have

A

46

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13
Q

what are genes comproside of

A

DNA

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14
Q

what does DNA stand for

A

deoxyribonucleic acid

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15
Q

what is DNA

A
  • the hereditary blueprint in genes
  • contains things the cell needs to replicate
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16
Q

Genotype

A
  • the set of genes transmitted from our parents to us. These are fixed at birth
17
Q

Phenotype

A
  • set of observable traits
  • what is absorbed due to the interaction of genotype with environmental factors
18
Q

behavioural genetics

A
  • the the approach we use to examine the influence of nature (genes) and nurture (environment) on psychological traits
19
Q

what do research designs in genetics allow researcher to estimate

A

heritability of traits and diseases

20
Q

what are the three myths of heritability

A
  • heritability applies to a single individual
  • heritability tells us weather a trait can be changed (example: seeds in soil)
  • heritability is a fixed number
21
Q

behavioural gentic research designs

A
  • researchers tract the presence / absence of a trait amongst relatives
  • help to determine how much genes and enviorment contribute to a trait
22
Q

what are the three types of behavioural genetic research designs

A
  • family studies
  • twin studies
  • adoption studies
23
Q

further investigation into nature vs. nurture is conducted through the field of ______

A

epigenetics