Chapter 32 & 33 Flashcards
1
Q
The Fungus Around Us (3)
A
- Absorptive heterotrophs: release enzymes to digest complex molecules, then absorb smaller ones
- Walls composed of chitin
- Two phases
2
Q
Two Phases
A
- Trophic Phase:
- hyphae network around/in food source - Reproductive Phase:
- fruiting body
- produces spores
3
Q
Roles of Fungi (2)
A
- Ecological Roles
2. Economic Roles
4
Q
Ecological Roles (2)
A
- Decomposes organic matter
2. Symbiotic relationships
5
Q
Economic Roles (3)
A
- Edible
- Medical Uses (antibiotics)
- Production of beer, cheese, bread and wine
6
Q
Negatives (To Humans) of Fungus (4)
A
- Spoil/decompose cloth, food, crops, wood, parasites, plants and animals
- Pathogens cause health problems like ringworm and athlete’s foot
- Some produce toxins and poison our food
- Some are toxic to eat
7
Q
Fungal Diversity (5)
A
- Basidiomycetes
- Ascomycetes
- Glomeromycetes
- Zygomycetes
- Chytrids
8
Q
Basidiomycetes (5)
A
- 30,000 species
- Includes mushrooms, shelf fungi, rusts and puffballs
- Decomposers of wood
- Trophic Phase: haploid and dikaryotic
- Fruiting body = basidiocarp (dikaryotic)
9
Q
Ascomycetes (4)
A
- 65,000 species
- Includes yeasts, cup fungi, truffles and morels (many plant pathogens, decomposers and food pharmaceuticals)
- Trophic Phase: haploid hyphae
- Fruiting body = ascocarps
10
Q
Glomeromycetes (3)
A
- 160 species, but ecologically very significant
- Almost all from arbuscular mycorrhizae
- 50% of plants have mutualistic relationships with glomerom.
11
Q
Zygomycetes (3)
A
- 1000 species
- Many fastgrowing and responsible for food mold
- Some parasitic or commensal symbionts
12
Q
Chytrids (4)
A
- 1000 species
- Ubiquitous in lakes and soils
- Decomposers but also parasitic (of protists, other fungi, plants, animals)
- Some live in the digestive tract of sheep/cattle
13
Q
Batrachochytrium Dendrobatidis
A
Likely responsible for the global decline of amphibians
