Chapter 31 Pt 2 Flashcards
The green tissue in the interior of a leaf; a leaf’s ground tissue system; the main site of photosynthesis.
Mesophyll
Flowering plants whose embryos have a single seed leaf, or cotyledon.
Monocot
The point of attachment of a leaf on a stem.
Node
In plants, a relatively unspecialized cell with a thin primary wall and no secondary wall; functions in photosynthesis, food storage, and aerobic respiration and may differentiate into other cell types.
Parenchyma cells
A plant that lives for many years.
Perennial
The portion of a plant’s vascular tissue system that conveys sap throughout a plant. This structure’s tissue is made up of sieve-tube members.
Phloem
Part of the reproductive organ of an angiosperm, a single carpel or a group of fused carpels.
Pistil
Part of the ground tissue system of a dicot plant. This structure fills the center of a stem and may store food.
Pith
An increase in the length of a plant root or shoot, produced by an apical meristem.
Primary Growth
horizontal stem that grows below the ground.
Rhizome
An outgrowth of an epidermal cell on this structure, which increases this structure’s absorptive surface area.
Root Hair
A structure, which anchors it in the soil, absorbs and transport minerals and water, and stores food.
Root System
Light-colored, water-conducting secondary xylem in a tree
Sapwood
In plants, a very hard, dead sclerenchyma cell found in nutshells and seed coats; a stone cell.
Sclereid
A food-conducting cell in a plant. Chains of this structure’s members make up phloem tissue.
Sieve Tube Member
A pore surrounded by guard cells in the epidermis of a leaf. When these structures are open, CO2 enters a leaf, and water and O2 exit. A plant conserves water when its stomata are closed.
Stoma
Embryonic tissue at the tip of a shoot, made up of developing leaves and a compact series of nodes and internodes.
Terminal bud
A tapered, porous, water-conducting and supportive cell in plants. Chains of this structure or vessel elements make up the water-conducting, supportive tubes in xylem.
Tracheid
An enlargement at the end of a rhizome in which food is stored.
Tuber
A strand of vascular tissues (both xylem and phloem) in a plant stem.
Vascular bundle
During secondary growth of a plant, the cylinder of meristematic cells, surrounding the xylem and pith, that produces secondary xylem and phloem.
Vascular Cambium
A short, open-ended, water-conducting and supportive cell in plants. Chains of this structure or tracheids make up the water-conducting, supportive tubes in xylem
Vessel element
Secondary xylem of a plant
Wood
The nonliving portion of a plant’s vascular system that provides support and conveys sap from the roots to the rest of the plant. This substance is made up of vessel elements and/or tracheids, water-conducting cells. The primary version of this substance is derived from the procambium. The secondary version of this substance is derived from the vascular cambium in plants exhibiting secondary growth.
Xylem
