Chapter 16 Pt 2

Question 1

The multicellular haploid (1n) form in the life cycle of organisms undergoing alternation of generations; mitotically produces haploid gametes that unite and grow into the diploid (2n) sporophyte generation.

Answer 1

Gametophyte

Question 2

Microbiology technique to identify the cell wall composition of bacteria. Results categorize bacteria as positive or negative for the stain.

Answer 2

Gram stain

Question 3

Diverse group of bacteria with a cell wall that is structurally less complex and contains more peptidoglycan than that of gram-negative bacteria. These bacteria are usually less toxic than the oppositely stained bacteria.

Answer 3

Gram positive

Question 4

A member of a group of photosynthetic protists that includes chlorophytes and charophyceans, the closest living relatives of land plants. This organism includes unicellular, colonial, and multicellular species.

Answer 4

Green alga

Question 5

An organism that cannot make its own organic food molecules and must obtain them by consuming other organisms or their organic products; a consumer or a decomposer in a food chain.

Answer 5

Heterotroph

Question 6

A type of Archaea that produces gas waste as a metabolic waste product

Answer 6

Methanogen

Question 7

Organism that derives its nutrition from a living host, which is harmed by the interaction.

Answer 7

Parasite

Question 8

An agent such as a virus, bacteria, or fungus, that causes disease.

Answer 8

Pathogen

Question 9

A polymer of complex sugars cross-linked by short polypeptides; a material unique to bacterial cell walls.

Answer 9

Peptidoglycan

Question 10

An organism that obtains energy from sunlight and carbon from CO2 by photosynthesis.

Answer 10

Photoautotroph

Question 11

An organism that obtains energy from sunlight and carbon from organic sources

Answer 11

Photoheterotroph

Question 12

A short projection on the surface of a prokaryotic cell that helps the prokaryote attach to other surfaces. Specialized sex is performed using these short projections which are used in conjugation to hold the mating cells together.

Answer 12

Pilus/Pili

Question 13

A type of protist that has amoeboid cells, flagellated cells, and an amoeboid feeding stage in its life cycle.

Answer 13

Plasmodial slime mold

Question 14

A single mass of cytoplasm containing many nuclei. The amoeboid feeding stage in the life cycle of a slime mold.

Answer 14

Plasmodium

Question 15

A diverse clade of gram-negative bacteria that includes five subgroups known as alpha, beta, gamma, delta, and epsilon.

Answer 15

Proteobacteria

Question 16

A member of the Kingdom in which it is named. These organisms are unicellular, though some are colonial or multicellular.

Answer 16

Protist

Question 17

A protist that lives primarily by ingesting food; a heterotrophic, “animal-like” protist.

Answer 17

Protozoan/Protozoa

Question 18

A temporary extension of an amoeboid cell. These organisms function in moving cells and engulfing food.

Answer 18

Pseudopodium/Pseudopodia

Question 19

A protist that moves and feeds by means of threadlike pseudopodia and has a mineralized support structure composed of silica.

Answer 19

Radiolarian

Question 20

A member of a group of marine, mostly multicellular, autotrophic protists, which includes the reef-building coralline algae

Answer 20

Red Alga

Question 21

A process by which protist diversity is hypothesized to have evolved from a symbiotic association that arose when an autotrophic eukaryotic protist was engulfed by a heterotrophic eukaryotic protist.

Answer 21

Secondary endosymbiosis

Question 22

A member of a group of helical bacteria that spiral through the environment by means of rotating, internal filaments.

Answer 22

Spirochete

Question 23

The multicellular diploid form in the life cycle of organisms undergoing alternation of generations; results from a union of gametes and meiotically produces haploid spores that grow into the gametophyte generation.

Answer 23

Sporophyte

Question 24

A close association between organisms of two or more species.

Answer 24

Symbiosis

Question 25

A fungus-like protist in the stramenopile clade.

Answer 25

Water mold