Chapter 2 Pt 1 Flashcards
A substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution.
Acid
Rain, snow, or fog with a pH below 5.6.
Acid Precipitation
The attraction between different kinds of molecules
Adhesion
The small unit of matter that retains the properties of an element
Atom
The approximate total mass of an item; Given as a whole number, this definition approximately equals the mass number. Also known as the atomic weight
Atomic mass
The # of protons in each atom of a particular element.
Atomic Number
A substance that decreases the hydrogen ion (H) concentration in a solution
Base
A chemical substance that resists changes in pH by accepting hydrogen ions from or donating hydrogen ions to solutions.
Buffer
A solution in which water is the solvent.
Aqueos Solution
An attraction between two atoms resulting from a sharing of outer-shell electrons or the presence of opposite charges on the atoms. The bonded atoms gain complete outer electron shells.
Chemical Bond
The making and breaking of chemical bonds, leading to changes in the composition of matter.
Chemical reaction
The binding together of like molecules, often by hydrogen bonds
Cohesion
A substance containing two or more elements in a fixed ratio. For example, table salt (NaCl) consists of one atom of the element sodium (Na) for every atom of chlorine (Cl).
Compound
An attraction between atoms that share one or more pairs of outer-shell electrons; symbolized by a single line between the atoms
Covalent Bond
A subatomic particle with a single negative electrical charge. One or more of this item moves around the nucleus of an atom.
Electron
An energy level representing the distance of an electron from the nucleus of an atom.
Electron Shell
The attraction of a given atom for the electrons of a covalent bond.
Electronegativity
A substance that cannot be broken down to other substances by chemical means.
Element
Thermal energy; the amount of energy associated with the movement of the atoms and molecules in a body of matter. This energy in its most random form.
Heat
A type of weak chemical bond formed when the partially positive hydrogen atom participating in a polar covalent bond in one molecule is attracted to the partially negative atom participating in a polar covalent bond in another molecule (or in another part of the same macromolecule).
Hydrogen Bond
