Chapter 3 test cards Flashcards
What is the group number for the Carbon family?
14
What is the group number for the Nitrogen family?
15
What is the group number for the Oxygen family?
16
What is the group number for the Halogen family?
17
What is the group number for the Noble gases?
18
Name a nonmetal in the Carbon family.
Carbon
Name a nonmetal in the Nitrogen family.
Nitrogen
Name a nonmetal in the Oxygen family.
Oxygen
Name a nonmetal in the Halogen family.
Chlorine
Name a nonmetal in the Noble gas family.
Neon
How can the properties of an element be predicted?
Its location on the periodic table
What are the four things in an element square on the periodic table?
Atomic number, chemical symbol, name, and atomic mass.
What are the physical properties of metals?
Shininess, Malleability, Ductility, and Conductivity.
How does the reactivity of metals change?
Left to right across the periodic table.
What is the most useful property of the metalloid?
The varying ability to conduct electricity.
What is Thomson’s model?
An atom as a ball of positive charge with electrons embedded in it.
Who discovered the nucleus?
Ernest Rutherford
What is a nucleus?
The tiny, positively charged center of an atom.
What has a mass about equal to one amu?
A proton or a neutron.
When did Dmitri Mendeleev notice the pattern of properties?
When he arranged the elements in order of increasing atomic mass.
Who published the first periodic table?
Mendeleev
What happened after protons were discovered?
Elements were rearranged according to atomic number.
What can you do with a ductile material?
It can be pulled out, or drawn, into a long wire.
What group are alkali metals in?
Group 1
Are alkali metals ever found uncombined in nature?
No, because of it’s reactivity
What is a diatomic molecule?
A molecule that is made up of two atoms.
How many metals are in the halogen family?
One
How many electrons does a halogen atom typically gains or shares?
One
Are halogens reactive?
Yes
What is a metalloid?
A element with some characteristics of metals and nonmetals.
Who discovered the effects of radioactive decay?
Henri Becquerel
How did Henri Becquerel discover the effects of radioactive decay?
Studying a mineral containing uranium
What is radioactivty?
The spontaneous emission of radiation by an unstable atomic nucleus.
What are tracers?
Radioactive isotopes that can be followed through the steps of a chemical reaction or an industrial process.
What are tracers used for?
Biologists studying plants, engineers surveying flaws in metal and doctors detecting medical problems
What is the cloud around the atom made of?
Electrons
What is the particle with a plus sign called?
Protons
What is the neutral particle called?
Neutron
What is the whole atom?
Nucleus
What are the four models of the atoms?
Rutherford, Thomson, Bohr, and Dalton
What does Dalton’s model look like?
A round sphere
What does Thomson’s model look like?
A positively charged sphere with negatively charged electrons
What does Bohr’s model look like?
A sphere in the middle (6+) and 2 circles around it with electrons (e-)
What does Rutherford’s model look like?
A sphere in the middle (6+) with many circles around in with electrons on the circles (e-).
